2012年職稱英語考試衛生類自測模擬試題(
發布時間：2012-07-19 共1頁
導語：2012年職稱英語考試即將到來，廣大考生將進入緊張的復習階段，百分百考試網特別為考生收集并整理了相關復習方方法和技巧供學員參考。同時，2012年網校職稱英語輔導頻道隆重推出職稱英語輔導新方案，幫助考生順利通過考試！
四閱讀理解
20、下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文并根據短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。
第1篇
Study says dogs can smell cancer
Dogs are known for their sense of smell. They can find missing people and things like bombs and illegal drugs. Now a study suggests that the animal known as man’s best friend can even find bladder cancer.
Cancer cells are thought to produce chemicals with unusual odors. Researchers think dogs have the ability to smell these odors, even in very small amounts, in urine. The sense of smell in dogs is thousands of times better than in humans.
The study follows reports of cases where, for example, a dog showed great interest in a growth on the leg of its owner. The mole was later found to be skin cancer.
Carolyn Willis led a team of researchers at Amersham Hospital in England. They trained different kinds of dogs for the experiment. The study involved urine collected from bladder cancer patients, from people with other diseases and from healthy people.
Each dog was tested eight times. In each test there were samples for the dogs to smell. The dog was supposed to signal the one from a bladder cancer patient by lying down next to it.
Two cocker spaniels were correct fifty-six percent of the time. But the scientists reported an average success rate of forty-one percent.
As a group, the study found that the dogs chose the correct sample twenty-two out of fifty-four times. That is almost three times more often than would be expected by chance alone.
The British Medical Journal published the research. In all, thirty-six bladder cancer patients and one hundred eight other people took part.
During training, all the dogs reportedly even identified a cancer in a person who had tested healthy before the study. Doctors found a growth on the person’s right kidney.
Baldder cancer is the ninth most common cancer worldwide. The International Agency for Research on Cancer says this disease kills more than one hundred thousand people each year. Doctors say cigarette smoking is the leading cause of bladder cancer.
1. Where was the experiment conducted?
A. In a private home B. In a training school
C In a hospital D In a police station
2. What was the dogs’ average success rate
A. 56% B. 41% C. 22% D. 54%
3. How many people took part in the experiment?
A. 36 bladder cancer patients. B 144 cancer patients
C 108 healthy people D. 144 sick and healthy people
4. What happened to a person who had tested healthy before the study?
A. He dropped out B. B He died
C He was found to have cancer. D He was found to have one kidney
5. Which is NOT true of bladder cancer?
A. It is the 9th most common cancer worldwide.
B It can be identified only by dogs
C It kills more than 100,000 people each year.
D. It is mainly caused by smoking
標準答案： C,B,D,C,B
解析：閱讀理解題解題步驟：
1.了解文章主題：借助文章標題，借助文章各段落的段首句， 借助文章的用詞(注意文章中是否有反復出現的詞匯或結構，因為它們往往是文章的核心詞)了解文章的主題，文章主要涉及的內容。
2.如果文章內容與考生已有的背景知識有關，可借助常識和背景知識對被選項進行首次篩選， 然后再利用“問題句新信息詞/結構定位法”解題。即利用題干中的核心詞/特征詞(請參看“閱讀判斷”部分的相關介紹)作為尋找答案的線索，在文章中快速找到答案相關句，確認答案。
3.如果考生對文章內容不熟悉，沒有這方面的背景知識，可直接采用“問題句新信息詞/特征詞定位法”。 有時還可以借助被選項中的核心詞/特征詞作為答案線索在文章中對應的查找與被選項內容相關的語句，確認答案。來源： 百分百考試網職稱英語考試
Study says dogs can smell cancer
1. C。 解析：問題問“在哪里完成的實驗?” 利用問題句中的細節信息詞(experiment)作為答案線索， 被選項也都涉及具體細節信息，因此也共同利用它們作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案相關句：
The study follows reports of cases where, for example, a dog showed great interest in a growth on the leg of its owner. The mole was later found to be skin cancer.
(第4段)Carolyn Willis led(領導) a team of (一組)researchers(研究者) at Amersham Hospital in England(英格蘭). They trained(訓練) different (不同的)kinds (種類)of dogs for the experiment(實驗). The study involved (包括，涉及到)urine(尿) collected(收集， 聚集) from bladder (膀胱)cancer patients(病人), from people with(患有。。的) other(其他的) diseases(疾病) and from healthy (健康的)people.
答案相關句出現在第4段：Carolyn Willis領導一組研究工作者在英格蘭的Amersham醫院工作。 他們為這個實驗訓練了各種各樣的狗。根據這兩個句子可知： Carolyn Willis領導的研究小組是在Amersham醫院進行實驗， 因此答案是C。
2.B. 解析： 問題問“狗的平均成功率是多少?”被選項中全是特征詞—數字， 因此利用被選項中的這些數字作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關句：
(第6段)Two cocker spaniels (短腿長毛小獵犬)were correct(正確的) fifty-six percent of the time(次， 時間). But the scientists (科學家)reported(報告) an average success rate of forty-one percent.
As a group, the study found that the dogs chose the correct sample twenty-two out of fifty-four times. That is almost three times more often than would be expected by chance alone.
答案相關句出現在第6段， 該句說“但是科學家報告平均成功率是41%” ，雖然該句沒有說是否是狗的平均成功率， 但是該句前句提到“兩只短腿長毛小獵犬每次的正確率是56%”， 根據相臨語句句意相關， 判斷答案相關句中提到的41%也應該屬于狗的正確率，因此答案是B。
3. D。解析： 問題問“有多少人參加實驗?”被選項中都出現了特征詞—數字， 所以利用這些特征詞作為答案線索， 查找與這些被選項分別呼應的句子：
(第8段)The British(英國的) Medical (醫學的)Journal (雜志)published(出版， 刊登) the research(研究). In all(總之), thirty-six bladder(膀胱) cancer patients and one hundred eight other people took part.
答案相關句出現在第8段： 該句說“總共有36名膀胱礙患者和108名其他的人參與了。”該句的前一句說“英國醫學雜志刊登了這項研究”， 相臨語句句意相關， 因此答案相關句中提到的“參與”， 就是“參與”前句中提到的“研究(實驗)”， 因此D是答案。
4. C。 C是答案， 因為其涉及文章主題詞(癌癥)。 答案相關句在第9段。
(第9段)During training, all the dogs reportedly(據報道) even identified (識別， 鑒別)a cancer in a person who had tested healthy before the study. Doctors found a growth(生長， 種植， 發育) on the person’s right(右側的， 正確的， 恰當的， 健康的) kidney.來源：百分百考試網 職稱英語考試
5. 答案： B。 違背常識， 所以肯定錯誤， 也肯定與膀胱癌的情況不一致。答案相關句在文章最后一段：
During training, all the dogs reportedly even identified a cancer in a person who had tested healthy before the study. Doctors found a growth on the person’s right kidney.
Baldder cancer is the ninth most common(常見的) cancer worldwide(在全世界范圍)(與A一致). The International(國際的) Agency(機構) for Research(研究) on Cancer says this disease(疾病) kills (殺死)more than one hundred thousand people each year. (與C一致)Doctors say cigarette smoking(吸煙) is the leading (主要的， 領導的)cause(煙癮) of bladder cancer.(與D一致)
21、 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文并根據短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上
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