2009年職稱英語衛生類AB級模擬試題一(11)
發布時間：2013-11-04 共1頁
第四部分：閱讀理解（每題3分，共45分）
第1篇
1．C． 細節題。 利用問題句中以最高級的形式出現的修飾結構及細節信息結構（the most nutrient, human body）及被選項中的細節信息詞(A: soup; B: cake; C: salad; D: boiled potato)共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關句：
(第一段)Eating potatoes is not only（不僅...而且...） good for（對...有益） bowel（腸） health（健康）, but also for the whole（所有的，整個的） immune （免疫的）system（系統）, especially（尤其） when they come（來， 出現） in the form of （以...的形式）a potato salad or eaten cold（冷的，不熱情的， 感冒）. In a study on an animal model, researchers in Spain found that pigs fed large quantities of raw potato starch (RPS)1 not only had a healthier bowel, but also decreased levels of white blood cells, such as leucocytes and lymphocytes in their blood. White blood cells are produced as a result of inflammation or disease, generally when the body is challenged.
答案相關句說，“吃土豆有益于腸道健康，而且對整個免疫系統也有益，尤其是吃土豆色拉，等土豆涼下來的時候吃”，因此C是答案。
2. A。 細節題。 利用問題句中的細節信息詞（leucocyte）及被選項中的細節信息詞和修飾詞（A：inflammation, B: inflamed； d: leucocyte）共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關句：
（第一題答案相關句）Eating potatoes is not only good for bowel health, but also for the whole immune system, especially when they come in the form of a potato salad or eaten cold. In a study on an animal model, researchers in Spain found that pigs fed large quantities of raw potato starch (RPS)1 not only had a healthier bowel, but also decreased levels of white blood cells, such as leucocytes and lymphocytes in their blood. White blood cells are produced as a result of inflammation or disease, generally when the body is challenged.
The general down-regulation（下調）（與問題句中的核心詞reduction詞義相關） of leucocytes observed by the Spanish researchers suggests an overall beneficial effect, a generally more healthy body.2 The reduction in leucocyte （白細胞）levels （這個結構是問題句中的核心結構）was about 15 percent（百分之...）. Lower（較低的） lymphocyte levels are also indicative of（顯示） reduced（減少的） levels（水平） of inflammation（炎癥）, but the observed（被觀察到的） reduction in both lymphocyte（淋巴細胞） density（密度） and lymphocyte（淋巴細胞） apoptosis（細胞自然死亡） is surprising（令人感到吃驚的）.
答案相關句（第二段第三句）說“淋巴細胞水平低顯示炎癥水平下降”，故其它B、C、D三個選項均不正確。
3．B． 細節題。利用問題句中的細節信息結構（raw potato starch）及被選項中的細節信息詞(A: leucocyte, B: resistant starch; C: experimental pig; D: body weight)共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關句：
The general down-regulation of leucocytes observed by the Spanish researchers suggests an overall beneficial effect, a generally more healthy body.2 The reduction in leucocyte levels was about 15 percent.（第2題的答案相關句） Lower lymphocyte levels are also indicative of reduced levels of inflammation, but the observed reduction in both lymphocyte density and lymphocyte apoptosis is surprising.
（第3段）In what was the longest study of its kind, pigs were fed RPS over 14 weeks to find out the effect of starch on bowel health. “The use of raw（沒有加工的） potato starch（淀粉） in this experiment（實驗） is designed to （被設計用于...）simulate(模仿) the effects（效果） of a diet high in resistant starch”, said study leader（與問題句中的核心結構/研究者呼應）（領導者） Jose Francisco Perez at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona,3 Spain（西班牙）
答案相關句（第3段第2句）引用了研究組負責人自己的話， 該句說：“在實驗中使用未經加工的土豆淀粉，就是為了模擬富含耐久淀粉的飲食所起的作用”，其它A、C、D三個選項文章均沒有提及。
4．D． 細節題。 利用問題句中的細節信息結構（resistant starch ）及被選項中的細節信息詞（黑體詞 ）共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關句：
In what was the longest study of its kind, pigs were fed RPS over 14 weeks to find out the effect of starch on bowel health. （第3題答案相關句）“The use of raw potato starch in this experiment is designed to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch”, said study leader Jose Francisco Perez at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona,3 Spain.
（第4段）Humans do not eat raw（沒有加工的） potatoes, but they do eat （的確吃）a lot of （大量的）foods that contain（含有， 容納） resistant starch, such as （例如）cold（涼的） boiled（煮熟的） potatoes, legumes（豆類）, grains（谷物）, green bananas（香蕉）, pasta （意大利面食）and cereals（谷類食品）. About 10 percent of the starch eaten by human is resistant starch - starch that is not digested in the small intestine and so is shunted into the large intestine where it ferments. Starch consumption is thought to reduce the risk of large bowel cancer and may also have an effect on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).4 答案相關句（第4段第1句）列出了一些富含耐久淀粉的食品，其中就沒有D項“蔬菜”。
5．D． 細節題。 利用問題句及被選項中的細節信息結構（黑體結構）作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關句：
（第4題答案相關句）Humans do not eat raw potatoes, but they do eat a lot of foods that contain resistant starch, such as cold boiled potatoes, legumes, grains, green bananas, pasta and cereals. About 10 percent of the starch eaten by human is resistant starch - starch that is not digested（消化） in the small intestine and so is shunted（被擱置到...） into the large intestine（大腸） where it ferments（發酵）.Starch consumption is thought to reduce the risk of large bowel cancer and may also have an effect on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).4
答案相關句（第4段倒數第2句）已經解釋了耐久淀粉的特點：“不能在小腸中消化，而是分流到大腸，在大腸中發酵”。
