發(fā)布時(shí)間:2013-11-04 共1頁(yè)
第2篇
1.A. 該題可根據(jù)文章主題(文章標(biāo)題內(nèi)容)“如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己變胖了, 你應(yīng)該責(zé)怪你的朋友們”直接判斷答案。 也可以依據(jù)文章中的相關(guān)內(nèi)容判定答案:利用備選項(xiàng)中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞(A:friends; B: neighbors; C: family members; D: colleagues)共同作為答案線索, 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句:
(第一題答案相關(guān)句)(第4段)The answer(答案), the researchers(研究者) report(報(bào)告), was that people were most likely to (很可能...)become obese(肥胖的) when a friend (朋友)became obese. That increased(增加) a person’s chances of (...的機(jī)會(huì)/可能性)becoming obese by (了)57 percent(百分之). There was no effect(influence的近義詞)(影響, 實(shí)現(xiàn)) when a neighbor gained or lost weight(增肥或減肥),however(然而), and family members had less (較少的, 不太,不(如))influence(影響) than friends.
答案相關(guān)句(第四段)說“提到研究者發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)周圍朋友發(fā)福時(shí),人最容易發(fā)胖.而鄰居則不會(huì)對(duì)人產(chǎn)生影響,甚至家庭成員的影響也不如朋友大。而關(guān)于同事的內(nèi)容,文章中并沒有提到。
2.C. 可以借助文章主題或接著解答上一題所獲得的相關(guān)信息直接判斷C錯(cuò)誤。 也可以借助文章中的相關(guān)內(nèi)容判斷答案:
(第一題答案相關(guān)句)The answer, the researchers report, was that people were most likely to become obese when a friend became obese. That increased a persons chances or becoming obese by 57 percent. There was no effect when a neighbor gained or lost weight,however, and family members had less influence than friends.
(第二題答案相關(guān)句)It did not even(甚至) matter(有關(guān)系。 事情, 物質(zhì))if (是否, 如果)the friend was hundreds of miles away(在遠(yuǎn)處, 到遠(yuǎn)處), the influence remained(繼續(xù)). (與選項(xiàng)B內(nèi)容一致)And the greatest influence of all was between close (親密的)mutual(相互的) friends(與選項(xiàng)D內(nèi)容一致). There, if one became obese, the other had a 171 percent increased chance of becoming obese, too.
A選項(xiàng)說的是“朋友產(chǎn)生的影響大于庭成員”,該選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與第一題答案相關(guān)句內(nèi)容一致; B選項(xiàng)也是正確的, 因?yàn)榈谖宥蔚谝痪湓捥岬剑词古笥堰h(yuǎn)在千里之外,這種影響仍然存在:第五段第二句特合D選項(xiàng)的愈思:那些關(guān)系親密的朋友產(chǎn)生的影響最大。因此只有C不正確。
3.D. 利用問題句中的特征詞(Nicholas A. Christakis)作為答案線索, 同時(shí)利用備選項(xiàng)B中的典型細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)(eating habits)作為答案線索, 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句
(第2題答案相關(guān)句)(第5段)It did not even matter if the friend was hundreds of miles away, the influence remained. And the greatest influence of all was between close mutual friends. There, if one became obese, the other had a 171 percent increased chance of becoming obese, too.
(第6段)The same effect seemed to occur for weight loss, the investigators say. But since most people were gaining, not losing, over the 32 years, the result was, on average, that people grew fatter.
(第7段)Dr. Nicholas A. Christakis, a physician(醫(yī)生) and(兼) professor (教授)of medical(醫(yī)學(xué)的) sociology(社會(huì)學(xué)) at Harvard Medical School(哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院)and a principal(主要的, 校長(zhǎng), 負(fù)責(zé)人) investigator(調(diào)查人) in the new study(研究), said one explanation (問題句中的核心詞)was that friends affected(影響) each others(彼此)’ perception(理解)(perception是feeling的近義詞) of fatness(肥胖). When a close friend (親密的朋友)becomes obese, obesity may not look so bad.
答案相關(guān)句(第七段第一句)涉及到了Dr. Nicholas A. Christakia對(duì)于這種現(xiàn)象的解釋:朋友之間對(duì)于肥胖的感知是互相影響的。因此D是答案。
4.C. 利用備選項(xiàng)中的細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)(A:social contact; B: genetic information; C: life style; D: environmental influence)共同作為答案線索,在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句:
(第7段/第3題答案相關(guān)句)Dr. Nicholas A. Christakis, a physician and professor of medical sociology at Harvard Medical School and a principal investigator in the new study, said one explanation was that friends affected each others’ perception of fatness. When a close friend becomes obese, obesity may not look so bad.
“You change your idea of what is an acceptable body type by looking at the people around you,” Dr. Christakis said.
(第12段)Of course(當(dāng)然), the investigators(調(diào)查者) say, social networks (人際關(guān)系網(wǎng))(與選項(xiàng)A中的social contact/社會(huì)接觸呼應(yīng))are not the only(唯一的, 僅僅) factors (問題句中的核心詞)that affect body weight(體重). There is a strong(強(qiáng)烈的, 強(qiáng)大的, 濃的) genetic (遺傳的)component(成分) at work(在工作, 起作用), too(也, 太).
答案相關(guān)段(第十二段)提到了遺傳因素和社會(huì)接觸(人際關(guān)系網(wǎng)的形式)對(duì)體重的作用和影響。 同時(shí)間接地隱含了環(huán)境因素對(duì)人的體重起很重要的作用。至于C(生活方式),文中并沒有提到。
5. A. 利用問題句中的修飾詞(contagious, epidemic ) 作為答案線索, 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句:
(倒數(shù)第4段)The effects(影響), he said, “highlight(強(qiáng)調(diào), 突出) the importance(重要性) of contagion(傳染, 傳染病), that spreads(蔓延) through the network.”
(最后一段) If the new research(研究) is correct(正確的), it may say(說) that something in the environment(環(huán)境) seeded (種子, 播種)what some call(稱呼) an obesity (肥胖)epidemic(流行病 ), making a few people gain weight(體重增加). Then(然后) social networks (人際交際網(wǎng))let the obesity spread rapidly.
答案相關(guān)句(文章最后一段)直接說明了“人際關(guān)系網(wǎng)”是造成肥胖流行病蔓延的主要原因, 因此A是答案。