09年職稱英語衛生類C級模擬試題二之閱讀理解
發布時間：2013-11-04 共1頁
第四部分：閱讀理解（每題3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文并根據短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。
第1篇
A Miracle Cancer cure
Unless you have gone through the experience yourself, or watched a loved one’s struggle, you really have no idea just how desperate cancer can make you. You pray, you rage, you bargain with God, but most of all you clutch at any hope, no matter how remote, of a second chance at life.
For a few excited days last week, however, it seemed as if the whole world was a cancer patient and that all humankind had been granted a reprieve. Triggered by a front-page medical news story in the usually reserved New York Times, all anybody was talking about ?C on the radio, on television, on the Internet, in phone calls to friends and relatives ?C was the report that a combination of two new drugs could, as the Times put it, cure cancer in two years.
In a matter of hours patients had jammed their doctors’ phone lines begging for a chance to test the miracle cancer cure. Cancer scientists raced to the phones and fax lines to make sure everyone knew about their research too, generating a new round of headlines.
The time certainly seemed ripe for a breakthrough in cancer. Only last month scientists at the National Cancer Institute announced that they were halting a clinical trial of a drug called tamoxifen ?C and offering it to patients getting the placebo ?C because it had proved so effective at preventing breast cancer (although it also seemed to increase the risk of uterine cancer). Two weeks later came the New York Times’ report that two new drugs can shrink tumors of every variety without any side effects whatsoever.
It all seemed too good to be true, and of course it was. There are no miracle cancer drugs, at least not yet. At this stage all the drug manufacturer can offer is some very interesting molecules, and the only cancers they have cures so far have been in mice. By the middle of last week, even the most breathless TV talk-show hosts had learned what every scientist already knew: that curing a disease in lab animals is not the same as doing it in humans. “The history of cancer research has been a history of curing cancers in the mouse,” Dr. Richard Klausner, head of the National Cancer Institute, told the Los Angles Times. “We have cured mice of cancer for decades ?C and it simply didn’t work in people.”
1． The first paragraph describes people’s ___ after they know they or their loved ones have cancer.
A. complex feelings
B. desire to live long
C. hatred of God
D. love of their family
2. What caused all the people to talk about cancer?
A. New York Times/published a medical news story
B. Radio broadcast a medical news story
C. TV showed a film about cancer
D. The Internet had a story about cancer
3. According to the New York Times report, the two drugs can ___.
A. cure all kinds of tumors but with side effects
B. cure all kinds of tumors without side effects
C. shrink all kinds of tumors but with side effects
D. shrink all kinds of tumors without side effects
4. What is the meaning of the statement “It all seemed too good to be true, and of course it was.”?
A. The news seemed very good and real and it was good.
B. The news seemed very good, but not so real, and it was false.
C. The news seemed not good, but real, and it was not good.
D. The news seemed not good, but real, and it was not good.
5. What can the new drugs really do?
A. it can cure all cancers
B. it can cure nothing
C. it can only cure cancer in mice
D. it can cure cancer in all animals
第2篇
ulcers
Even though ulcers appear to run in families，lifestyle plays more of a role than genetic
factors in causing the illness，according to a report in the April 13th Journal of Internal Medicine．
In particular ，smoking and stress in men and the regular use of pain．releasing medicines in women were linked with an increased risk of developing all ulcer．
Overall，61％of ulcer risk appears to be due to environmental factors，such as smoking, and the remaining 39％is due to genes according to Dr．Ismo Raiha of the University of Turky and colleagues at the University of Helsinki，Finland．Some researchers had suggested that families may spread Helicobacteria pylori ，the bacteria that can cause ulcers．However。the new study suggests this is unlikely，according to the report．
Raiha and colleagues studied data from more than 1 3，000 pairs of twins“to examine the roles of genetic and environmental factors in the origin of peptic ulcer disease．”they explain．Both twins were more likely to develop an ulcer if the pair were genetically the same as compared with a par of fraternal twins，suggesting that there must be some genetic susceptibility to ulcer development．
However，the risk was no greater in twins living together compared with twins living apart, suggesting that shared exposure to H. pylori was not to blame．“Environmental effects were not due to factors shared by family members ，and they were related to smoking and stress in men and the Use of analgesics in women，”the authors wrote．“The minor effects of shared environment to disease liability do not support the concept that the grouping of risk factors，such as H.pylori infection，would explain the genetic factor of peptic ulcer disease,”they concluded．
詞匯：
ulcer／n．潰瘍
lifestyle／n．生活方式
genetic／adj．基因的，遺傳(性)的
stress／n．壓力，緊張，造成緊張的因素
overall／adv．總的說來，大體上
environmental／adj．環境的，有關環境(保護)的
gene／n．基因
colleague／n．同事，同僚
bacteria／n．【bacterium的復數】細菌
peptic／adj．消化性的 ．
fraternal／adj．異卵雙生的，兩合子的
susceptibility／n．敏感性，過敏性
analgesic／n．止痛劑，鎮痛藥
liability／n．傾向
練習：
1．According to the passage，which of the following is a very likely cause of ulcer in men?
A)Smoking and stress．
B)Drinking and smoking．
C)Genes and children．
D)Use of a certain medicine．
2．What factors contribute to over half the ulcers?
A)Hereditary factors．
B)Economic factors．
C)Environmental factors．
D)Genetic factors．
3．In relation to ulcers，experts study twins in order to examine
A)the roles of genetic factors．
B)the roles of environmental factors．
C)the roles of both genetic and environmental factors．
D)the roles of brotherhood．
4．”Environmental effects” in the fourth paragraph refers to effects brought about by
A)a clean environment．
B)smoking and stress in men and use of pain-killing medicine in women．
C)factors shared by family members such as genes and the food they eat．
D)shared exposure to H. pylori infection．
5．The passage argues that
A)ulcers are related to genes．
B)ulcers are chiefly related to lifestyle．
C)ulcers appear in men and women．
D)ulcers are caused by pylori infection
第3篇
Losing Weight
Girls as young as 1 0 years old are dieting and in danger of developing unhealthy attitudes
about weight，body image and food，a group of Toronto researchers reported Tuesday．
Their study of 2,279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority had healthy
weights，nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds．Even at the tender agez of 10，nearly 32 per cent of girls felt“too fat’’and 31 per cent said they were trying to diet．
McVey，a researcher at．the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto，and her colleagues
analyzed data collected in a number of surveys of southern Ontario school girls between 1 993 and 2003，reporting their findings in Tuesday’s issue of the Canadian Medical Association Journal．
Nearly 80 per cent of the girls had a healthy body weight and only 7．2 per cent were
considered overweight using standard weight-to．height ratios．Most researchers suggest the rate of overweight children in this country is several times higher than that figure．
Nearly 30 per cent of the girls reported they Were currently trying to lose weight，though few admitted to dangerous behavior such as self-induced vomiting．
Still，a test that measured attitudes towards eating showed 10．5 per cent of survey
Participants were already at risk of developing an eating disorder．
‘’We’re not talking about kids who’ve been prescribed a diet because they’re above average weight or overweight. We’re talking about children who are within a healthy weight range。And they have taken it upon themselves to diet to lose weight，”McVey said，acknowledging she found the rates disturbing．She said striking a balance between healthy weights and healthy attitudes towards food and body image is a complex task，with no easy solutions．
詞匯：
overweight adj．超重的；過重的
induce vt．引起，導致
prescribe vt．處方；開藥；囑咐
1．The study showed that most of the girls
A)were overweight．
B) were on a diet．
C)had unhealthy attitudes about weight
D)had a healthy body weight．
2．What percentage of the girls considered themselves overweight?
A)Nearly 80 percent．
B)7．2 percent．
C)Nearly 30percent．
D)10．5 percent．
3．The survey participants were girls
A)whowere 10．
B)who were 14．
C)who were 10 to 14．
D)who were 10 to 18．
4． What kind of institution does the lead researcher work with?
A)A schoo1．
B)A hospital．
C)An association．
D)A charity．
5． Unhealthy attitudes about weight，body image and food may
A)lead to an eating disorder．
B)result from self-induced vomiting．
C)make it easier to gain weight．
D)bring about greater competition．
答案及解析
第1篇
A miracle cancer cure
1. A. 全段生動地描述了人們得了癌癥或得知親人得了癌癥后的悲痛欲絕，呼天搶地但又懷有希望等復雜的心情。
2. A。 第2段中講到triggered by a front-page …， 所以選擇A。B， C和D 三項都不存在“頭版新聞”的語境。
3. D。 答案依據在第4段最后一句，two new drugs can shrink tumors of every variety without any side effects whatsoever.
4. B. 全句是省略句，完整的句子是：It all seemed too good to be true, and of course it was too good to be true.
5. C. 根據最后一段，the only cancers they have cured so far have been in mice. 后面講到的Curing a disease in lab animals也不是指全部動物，只指mice，這從后面幾句可得到證實。
第2篇
答案與題解：
1．A 因第一段中提到“smoking and stress in men…”，其他各項均與文中內容不符。
2．c 第二段的第一句“Overall，61％of ulcer risk appears to be due tO environmental
factors…”，故選C項。
3．C 第三段談到該項研究的目的，即“examine the roles of genetic and environmental
factors…’’
4．B 第四段明確指出，“they were related to smoking and s~ess in men and the use of
analgesics in women．”
5．B 從全文看，文章主旨在第一段即已提出，即“…lifestyle plays more of a role than
genetic factors in causing the illness．’’
第3篇
Losing Weight
1． D 文章第二段中的第一句和第四段中的第一句先后提到，接受調查之女孩中的絕大
多數體重都在健康范圍內。
2． C 文章的第二段提到，有將近三分之一的女孩認為自己超重。
3． C 文章的第二段提到，接受調查的是年齡為10歲至14歲的女孩。
4． B 文章的第三段提到，主要研究人員McVey女士在一家醫院工作。
5． A 文章的第六段提到，有關體重、身體形象和食品等的不健康態度使得一些女孩子
面臨飲食失調的危險。
