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　　1.B.解析：首先找到“that hope”在文章中的位置：

　　(第一段)American has always been a land of beginnings. After(在..之后) Europeans “ discovered”(發現) America in the fifteenth century(世紀), the mysterious(神秘的) New World became for many people a genuine(真正的，真誠的) hope of a new life, an escape from (逃避)poverty and persecution(迫害), a chance(機會) to start(開始) again(再次). We can say that, as nation, America begins with that hope. When, however, does American literature begin?

　　“that hope”就是指前一句中的a genuine hope of a new life/開始新生活的真誠希望。

　　2.D. 利用問題句及被選項中的特征詞，細節信息詞/結構(字體加粗，帶有下劃線)作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關句：

　　提示1：

　　如果詞匯掌握不夠好，可以考慮利用句子開頭部分的主語(位于陳述句中謂語動詞之前，疑問句中的主動詞之后的結構)，介詞后帶出的非ing形式的賓語結構， 定冠詞/不定冠詞后的結構作為可考慮利用的反應細節信息的詞語/結構。

　　提示2：

　　線索詞集中出現的句子很可能就是真正的答案相關句。

　　American has always been a land of beginnings.(第一題答案相關句) After Europeans “ discovered” America in the fifteenth century, the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life, an escape from poverty and persecution, a chance to start again. We can say that, as nation, America begins with that hope. When, however, does American literature begin?

　　American literature begins with (以...開始)American experiences(經歷). Long before (早在...之前)the first colonists(殖民者) arrived, before Christopher Columbus, before the Northman who found America about year 1,000, Native Americans lived here. Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of lining with the land. Another kind of experience, one filled with fear and excitement, found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English. In addition, the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilderness' tell unforgettable tales of hard end sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years.

　　從第2段第2句可知：很早以前， 本土美國人就居住在這里。既然前一句說“美國文學產生于美國人的生活經歷”， 由此可知美國文學產生于很早以前就居住這里的本土美國人的生活經歷，對比被選項判斷只有D合適。

　　3.A. 利用問題句及被選項中的特征詞，細節信息詞/結構(字體加粗，帶有下劃線)作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關句：

　　(第2題答案相關句) American literature begins with American experiences. Long before the first colonists arrived, before Christopher Columbus, before the Northman who found America about year 1,000, Native Americans lived here. Each tribe's literature was tightly(緊密地) woven (編織，編寫)into the fabric(結構， 構架， 織物) of daily(每天的， 日常的) life and reflected(反映，反射) the unmistakably(明白地) American experience of lining with(給...加襯) the land(土地， 陸地). Another kind of experience, one filled with fear and excitement, found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English. In addition, the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilderness' tell unforgettable tales of hard end sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years.

　　根據答案相關句(第2段第3句)可知“從美洲土著部落的文學中， 我們可以找到他們日常生活的寫照”。

　　4.D. 主旨題。 關注指定段落是否有段落主題詞及段落主題句。

　　(觀點句)Experience, then, is the key(關鍵) to early(早期的) American literature. The New World provided a great variety of experiences, and experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers. These writers included John Smith, who spent only two-and-a-half year: on the American, continent. They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd，who thought of themselves as British subjects, never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own. American Indians, explorers, Puritan ministers, frontier wives, plantation owner一they are all the creators of the first American literature.

　　根據段首句句意判斷D是答案。

　　提示3：

　　如果段首句是“觀點句， 概括句，定義句， 權威人士的發言”， 則這樣的段首句往往就是其所在段落的主題句。

　　5.D. 利用被選項中的共有詞British writers， American literature作為答案線索，在第4段中查找答案相關句：

　　(第4段)(第4題答案相關句) Experience, then, is the key to early American literature. The New World provided a great variety of experiences, and experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers. These writers included John Smith, who spent only two-and-a-half year: on the American, continent. They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd，who thought of themselves as(把...看作為...) British subjects(國民，題目，主題，學科), never suspecting(懷疑) a revolution(革命) that would create(創造) a United States of America with a literature of its own(自己的). American Indians, explorers, Puritan ministers, frontier wives, plantation owner一they are all the creators of the first American literature.

　　根據答案相關句(第4段倒數第2句)可知英國作家對美國文學的未來充滿信心。