職稱英語衛生類AB級閱讀理解模擬試題(3)
發布時間：2013-11-04 共1頁
Dangerous Sunshine to Children
Two United Nations' agencies warned on Tuesday that children are most at risk of developing skin cancers as a result of the long-term decline in the earth's protective ozone layer. The agencies. the World Health Organization(WHO) and the UN Environmental Programme(UNEP)，issued the warning as they launched a global programm aimed at altering schools to the dangers of exposure to the sun.
"As ozone depletion becomes more marked, and as people around the world engage more in sun-seeking behavior, the risk of health complications from overexposure to ultra-violet radiation is becoming a substantial public health concern, ”said WHO Director-general' Lee Jong-wook. By reducing the time children and adolescents are exposed to direct sunlight, he said “We can substantial]y reduce the risk of contracting skin cancers, cataracts and other conditions which might only appear much later in life.”
In its 2002 World Health Report，the WHO said around the world an average of 66,000 people died every year from melanoma or other types of skin cancer. Independent scientific research shows that every year there are between two to three million new cases 'of non-malignant melanoma and around 130,000 malignant'- and normally fatal - new full-blown skin cancer cases.
Although most known skin cancers seemed to occur in the industrialized world, WHO radiation and environmental health specialist Mike Repachoh told a news Conference，there were many cases believed to. be unreported in poorer countries. Although people with darkerskins were less susceptible to` akin cancers, they were just as likely to contract eye cataractsas fairer-skinned populations. and people living close to the equator were even more likely to develop them.
As for the protection method, the WHO said that under the school plan, dubbed the Intersun Project, the two agencies will distribute packages showing teachers how to develop their own sun education programs, the WHO said. In a joint statement from the two agencies which also marked the International Day for the preservation of the Ozone Layer, UNEP Executive Director' Klaus Toepfer said latest studies showed the protective shield was on the road to' recovery. This was the result of international agreements over the decades to phase out use of various chemicals - like those used in some pesticides, refrigerators and aerosols.
"But we must remain vigilant and more needs to be done before we can say the problem is solved for good"," said Toepfer. This included stopping illegal trade in chemicals and enforcing the agreements in developing countries. "Only then can we say the sky above our heads will be safe for our children and their children to come," the German environment minister said.
詞匯：
ozone n. 臭氧
alert vt. 向…發出普報.使普覺
depletion 耗盡(精力或資源等)
complication 并發癥，并發病
ultra-violet adj.紫外(線)的n.縈外線
contract vt.患(病)，感染(惡習等)
cataract 白內障
melanoma .黑素瘤
non-malignant 非惡性的
malignant adj.惡性的
full-blown adj. 成熟的
fairer-skinned/ 膚色較淺的
pesticide 殺蟲劑
aerosol 煙，霧， 煙霧劑
vigilant adj.警錫的
1.Why does the risk of developing skin cancers in children become greater and greater?
A Because they pay little attention to their skin health.
B Because they are short of physical training
C Because the earth’s protective ozone layer declines year after year
D Because the earth is getting warmer and warmer
2. How many people die from skin cancers including melanoma all over the world every year?
A an average of 66,000
B approximately 130,00
C about 196,000
D between 2,000,000 to 3,000, 000
3. What people are more likely to develop eye cataracts?
A Fairer-skinned people B. Darker-skinned people
C People living near the equator D People living near the poles
4. All of the following articles may use some chemicals unfavorable for the preservation of ozone layer except ____
A. aerosols B. refrigerators
C. pesticides D. medicines
5. The phrase “for good” in the last paragraph can be best replaced by ___.
A permanently B. correctly
C largely D well
答案與解析：
1. 分析文章標題：Dangerous(危險的) sunshine(陽光) to(對于) children
文章中將分析什么樣的陽光會給兒童造成傷害
2. 直接解題：
1.Why does the risk(風險，冒險) of developing(發展， 研制， 患(病)) skin cancers (皮膚癌)in children(兒童) become greater and greater(越來越大)?
A Because they pay little attention to (很少關注...)their skin health(健康).
B Because they are short of (缺少...)physical training(體育鍛煉)
C Because the earth’s protective(保護性的) ozone(臭氧) layer(層) declines(下降，衰退， 拒絕) year after year(年年)
D Because the earth (地球) is getting(變得) warmer and warmer(越來越熱)
