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    第3篇

    1．D． 利用問題句中的細(xì)節(jié)詞（research）備選項中的細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)（名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)）共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：

    Cryptic species （隱蔽性物種）animals that appear （看起來）identical （相同的）but are genetically（在基因上） quite （非常）distant（關(guān)系遠(yuǎn)的）一may be much more widespread（普遍的， 分布廣的） than previously（以前） thought. The findings（研究發(fā)現(xiàn)）（與research 相關(guān)） could have major（較多的， 主要的） implications（暗示） in areas（領(lǐng)域） ranging from （范圍涉及從...到...）biodiversity (生物多樣性)estimates （估計）and wildlife management（野生動物管理），to our understanding of infectious diseases （傳染性疾病）and evolution（演變）.

    答案相關(guān)句（第1段第2句）說：研究結(jié)果為廣泛的研究領(lǐng)城提供很多啟示， 包括生物多樣性研究．還能幫助我們理解傳染疾病及其演變。 所以選項A,B,C都是正確的。

    2．D． 利用問題句中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞（scientists）和被選項中的細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)（名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)）共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：

    Cryptic species animals that appear identical but are genetically quite distant一may be much more widespread than previously thought. （第一題答案相關(guān)句）The findings could have major implications in areas ranging from biodiversity estimates and wildlife management，to our understanding of infectious diseases and evolution.

    Reports of cryptic species have increased dramatically over the past two decades with the advent of relatively inexpensive DNA sequencing technology. Mark Pfennninger and Klaus Schwenk, of the Goethe-Universitat in Frankfurt(法蘭克福大學(xué))’s Germany, analyzed all known data on cryptic animal species and discovered that they are found in equal proportions throughout all major branch, of the animal kingdom and occur in equal numbers in all biogeographical regions.

    （第3段） Scientists had previously（以前） speculated（曾經(jīng)推測）that cryptic species were predominantly（（在數(shù)量等上）占優(yōu)勢地/主要地） found in insects and reptiles（爬行動物），and were more likely to （更可能）occur（出現(xiàn)） in tropical （熱帶的）rather than temperate（溫和的） regions. "Species that are seemingly widespread and abundant could in reality he many different cryptic species that have low populations and are highly endangered," says Henninger. Until the genetic information of all species'. in at least one texon is thoroughly studied, no one will know just how many cryptic species exist. "It could be as high as （高達(dá)）30％，”Pfenninger says.

    答案相關(guān)句（第三段第一句）講述了科學(xué)家們在過去對隱蔽性物種的一些推測， 根據(jù)該句內(nèi)容判斷D是答案。

    3．A． 順著上一題的答案相關(guān)句位置往下查找答案相關(guān)句：

    （第2題答案相關(guān)句）Scientists had previously speculated that cryptic species were predominantly found in insects and reptiles，and were more likely to occur in tropical rather than temperate regions. "Species that are seemingly widespread and abundant could in reality he many different cryptic species that have low populations and are highly endangered," says Henninger. Until（直到） the genetic information （遺傳信息）of all species（物種） in at least （至少）one taxon（生物的分類單元） is thoroughly（徹底地） studied（研究）, no one (沒有人)will know just how many cryptic species exist. "It could be as high as （高達(dá)）30％，”Pfenninger says.
答案相關(guān)句（第3段倒數(shù)第2句）表明科學(xué)家認(rèn)為人們目前還不了解隱蔽性物種存在的數(shù)量。

    4．C．利用問題句中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞（African bush elephant, African elephant）及備選項中的特征詞（WCU）和 備選項中的共有詞（interbreed）共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：

    Scientists had previously speculated that cryptic species were predominantly found in insects and reptiles，and were more likely to occur in tropical rather than temperate regions. "Species that are seemingly widespread and abundant could in reality he many different cryptic species that have low populations and are highly endangered," says Henninger. （第3題答案相關(guān)句）Until the genetic information of all species'. in at least one texon is thoroughly studied, no one will know just how many cryptic species exist. "It could be as high. as 30％，”Pfenninger says.
 
    (第6段)Examples（例子） of cryptic species（隱蔽性物種） include（包括） the African elephant. (第2句)A 2001 study found（發(fā)現(xiàn)） the elephants were actually（實(shí)際上） two genetically distinct (不同的，清楚的) non-interbreeding （不可雜種繁殖的）species（物種）,the African bush elephant and the African elephant. The species are currently （現(xiàn)在）listed as （被列為）vulnerable（易受攻擊的） and threatened（受到威脅的）, respectively（分別地）, by the World Conservation。

    答案相關(guān)句（第6段第2句）說“2001年的一個自然發(fā)現(xiàn)是大象之間也是基因差別較大，是屬于不可雜交的物種，非洲叢林大象和非洲大象就是這樣的例子”， 由此判定C正確。

    5．A． 利用問題句中的特征結(jié)構(gòu)（in the early 1900s, Europe），細(xì)節(jié)信息詞（malaria）及備選項中的共有詞（mosquito）共同作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：

    Examples of cryptic species include the African elephant.(第4題答案相關(guān)句) A 2001 study found the elephants were actually two genetically distinct, non-interbreeding species, the African bush elephant and the African elephant. The species are currently listed as vulnerable and threatened, respectively, by the World Conservation Union（WCU).

    In the early 1900s misidentification(錯誤辨識) of mosquito species based on （基于...的）morphology（形態(tài)學(xué)） confused（使...困惑/混亂）attempts（努力） to control malaria in Europe. (在20世紀(jì)初期， 基于形態(tài)學(xué)對蚊子物種進(jìn)行的錯誤辨識擾亂了控制歐洲瘧疾的工作).  Ultimately（最終）, what was thought(認(rèn)為) to be a single（單個的， 單身的） species was actually made up of （由...組成）six sibling （兄弟， 姐妹）species, only three of which transmitted（傳播） the disease（疾病）. “The  basic unit in biology is always the species, and you have to know what you are dealing with,” Pfenninger said. Much previous research is now no longer used, he says, because it is not clear what species was studied.

    答案相關(guān)句（文章最后一段前兩句）說：歐洲20世紀(jì)初基于形態(tài)學(xué)對蚊子的錯誤分類影響了對瘧疾的控制， 這個原本認(rèn)為是一個單一類型的物種是由六個分類物種組成， 而其中僅有三個分類物種傳播疾病， 因此A是答案。