2009年職稱英語理工類AB級模擬試題二(10)
發(fā)布時間：2013-11-04 共1頁
第四部分：閱讀理解（每題3分，共45分）
第1篇
1．A． 三個被選項(xiàng)均提到了節(jié)約能量， 因此首先關(guān)注前兩個段落中涉及到節(jié)約能量的句子，利用被選項(xiàng)中的細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)（A：from clear to dark, B: light; C: heat; D: the outside world） 共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：
Windows not only （不但...而且...）let light(光) in to cut down（砍倒，減少） an electricity（電） use（使用） for lighting（照明）, but the light coming through（通過） the window also provides（提供） heat（熱）. However, windows are not something people typically associate with being a cutting edge1 technology. Researchers（研究者） are now working on（繼續(xù)研究， 設(shè)法說服） new technologies （技術(shù)）that enable （使能夠）a window to quickly（很快地） change from clear to dark and anywhere in between （在此之間， 在...之間）with（用） a flip（輕敲） of a switch(開關(guān)) .
（第2段）“It took（花費(fèi)） us a long time to figure out（弄清楚， 計算出） what a window really is,” says Claes Granqvist. He’s a professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden3. “It’s contact（接觸） with the outside world. You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well.” So, windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when they’re stuck indoors.
第一段中的答案相關(guān)句說：窗戶因?yàn)樽岅柟膺M(jìn)入房間，并且為房間提供熱源，所以節(jié)約了能源。第二段中的答案相關(guān)句說：窗戶使人們能接觸外部世界。所以B、C和D都說明了窗戶的重要性。 所以A是錯誤的說法。
2．D． 細(xì)節(jié)題。利用被選項(xiàng)中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞（A：cold winter; B: hot summer; C: air conditioners）作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：順著上一題的答案位置往下查找答案相關(guān)句：
（第一題答案相關(guān)句）Windows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use for lighting, but the light coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are not something people typically associate with being a cutting edge1 technology. （第一題答案相關(guān)句）Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between with a flip of a switch2.
“It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is,” says Claes Granqvist. He’s a professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden3. （第一題答案相關(guān)句）“It’s contact with the outside world. You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well.” So, windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when they’re stuck indoors.
（第3段）Yet, windows are the weak link（問題句中的核心詞） in a building when it comes to （當(dāng)提到...）energy(能量) and temperature（溫度）control（控制， 管理）. In the winter, cold air（空氣） leaks(滲透，漏 ) in. When it’s hot and sunny（陽光充足的）, sunlight（陽光） streams（流淌， 溪，河流） in. All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy. And all of this extra heat forces people to turn on their air conditioners. Producing blasts of cold air, which can feel so refreshing, actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world.
短文第三段的第一句說：windows are the weak link in a building，接下來是對這句話分寒冬和炎夏做了說明。所以D是正確選擇。
3．C． 細(xì)節(jié)題。 利用被選項(xiàng)中的核心詞及細(xì)節(jié)信息詞（A: coat; B: glaze; C: change; D: many layers）共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：
（第2題答案相關(guān)句）Yet, windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy and temperature control. In the winter, cold air leaks in. When it’s hot and sunny, sunlight streams in. All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy. And all of this extra heat forces people to turn on their air conditioners. Producing blasts of cold air, which can feel so refreshing, actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world.
(第4段)Windows have been a major focus of energy research for a long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating（對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A中的coat）, glazing（對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B中的glaze）, and layering（對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D中的layer）windows to make them more energy efficient. Smart windows go a step further. They use（使用） chromogenic （發(fā)色的）technologies（技術(shù)） which involve（包括） changes of color.
第四段告訴我們，多年來，科學(xué)家已研究出多種通過窗戶節(jié)能的辦法，而smart windows使用的技術(shù)使窗戶能變換顏色。所以C是正確選擇。
4．B． 細(xì)節(jié)題。 利用問題句中的細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)（electrochromic windows， window glass）及被選項(xiàng)中的細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)（黑體結(jié)構(gòu)）共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：
Windows have been a major focus of energy research for a long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating, glazing, and layering windows to make them more energy efficient. （答案相關(guān)句）Smart windows go a step further. They use chromogenic technologies which involve changes of color.
(第5段) Electrochromic windows （電致變色的）use electricity to change color. For example（例如）, a sheet of（一片） glass coated with thin（薄薄的） layers of chemical （化學(xué)的）compound（混合物） such as（例如） tungsten oxide（氧化鎢） works（工作） a bit （一點(diǎn)/少許）like（象） a battery（電池）. Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed, that is, when the amount of voltage is decreased, the window darkens until it’s completely dark after all electricity is taken away. So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear or dark.
第五段第二句提供了答案。a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemical compound such as tungsten oxide中的 coated是“涂上一層薄薄的．．．”的意思。
5．C．被選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了大量的修飾詞，利用這些詞（A：different; B: large; D: expensive, traditional）及選項(xiàng)C中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞（air conditioner）共同作為答案線索,在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：
(最后一段)One important feature that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of “memory.” All it takes is a small jolt of voltage to turn the window from one state to the other. Then, it stays that way. Transitions take anywhere from 10 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the size of the window. The development（發(fā)展） of smart windows could mean（意味著） that massive（巨大的） air conditioning systems may no longer（不再） need. “In the future,” Granqvist says, “our buildings may look different.
段落最后一段的倒數(shù)第2句是直接答案相關(guān)句， 根據(jù)該句內(nèi)容判斷C是答案。
