2009年職稱英語綜合類C級模擬試題二(13)
發布時間：2013-11-04 共1頁
第3篇
1．D． 問題句說“根據文章的說法，巴西通過...減少人口增長？ ”， 問題句中沒有特征詞以及細節信息詞出現， 因此利用問題句中的核心詞語（Brazil, population growth, cut back）作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關句：“Brazil has become one of the developing world’s great successes at reducing （與“cut back”詞義相近）population growth but more by accident than design.”該句說“巴西的人口增長得了控制，這純粹是出于偶然， 而不是由于巴西的精心設計”。 by accident與by chance同義。
2. C. 問題句說“根據文章相關內容， 許多第三世界國家...”， 從句意來看，該問題與文章中具體細節相關， 屬于細節題。利用問題句中的特征詞Third World countries作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關句：
Brazil has become one of the developing world’s great successes at reducing population growth but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil had better result without really trying, says Georgy Martine at Harvard.
Brazil’s population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.
答案相關句（劃線句）說“Martine說這個數字在1990以后進一步下降， 這是一個許多第三世界國家都感到嫉妒的成績”， 顯然這個句子與問題與被選項都沒有直接的關系。文章第一段中出現了“countries such as India”（與“Third World countries/第三世界國家”呼應）， 該句說“第三四節國家作了很大的努力， 但成績卻不如沒做什么努力的巴西”， 由此可推斷出“許多第三世界國家還沒有找到有效的手段來控制人口增長”。
3．A． 本題測試點：詞義推斷題。 根據“put it down to”所在的上下文判斷： it指代“巴西在控制人口方面所取得的驕人成績”， 下文中提到“電視劇，分期付款在控制人口出生率上起著重要的作用”， 因此只有選項A（歸因于）放入原文才句意通順。
4．B． 問題句說“肥皂劇有助于巴西降低人口增長， 其原因是...”。從句意來看，該問題與文章中具體細節相關， 屬于細節題。利用問題句中的細節信息詞Soap operas作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關句：
Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas(通俗電視連續劇) and installment(分期付款)plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest producers of soap operas. Global, Brazil’s most popular television network shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soap operas are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.
“Although they（指代soap operas） have never really tried to work in a massage towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values ?C not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working, says Martine.”They（指代soap operas） sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package.”
劃線句是直接答案相關句，這兩個句子說“盡管這些肥皂劇從來無意干涉人口繁殖， 它們只是描寫了中上層階級的生活價值觀 ?C 少生孩子， 獨特的性別觀念， 婦女在外工作。 肥皂劇傳播著這些信息， 使人們逐漸認識，理解了另一種生活方式， 人生觀。 這種生活方式，人生觀隊他們極有吸引力。”因此B是答案。
5．B． 問題句說“Martine對巴西人口增長得出的結論是...”。 順著上一題在文章中的答案位置往下查找答案相關句， 同時利用特征詞Martine作為答案線索：
Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor the become consumers. “This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible（不相容的）with unlimited reproduction.”says Martine.
答案相關句（劃線句）說“這就導致了消費方式的巨大變革， 而無限制生育與消費是互不相容的”， 該句句意與B（對消費的渴望有助于減少出生率）一致。
