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　第三部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)
　　閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：(l)第23～26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2～5段每段選擇1個正確的小標(biāo)題；(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正確選項，分別完成每個句子。請將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

Trade Unions

　　1　Some scholars have associated trade unions with the medieval craftguilds(中世紀(jì)的行會), but there are important differencesbetween the two. The guild members were master crafts-men who owned capital andoften employed workers, Unions are known as associations of workers with similarskills.
　　2　In the past, individual workers had no control over the conditionsof their working, lives; political and economic power was concentrated in thehands of wealthy business owners. Workers found, however, that there wasstrength in uniting. From their earliest years, union objectives have beenhigher wages and improved working conditions.
　　3　Employers resisted, of course. They made great efforts to stop unionorganizing its activities. Union members were fired, workers were forced to signcontracts in which they promised not to join a union, and companies hiredstrikebreakers (破壞罷工者) and even gunmen to frightenorganizers.
　　4　One of the earliest successful labor organizations in the UnitedStates was the Knights of labor, founded in l869. The Knights, which includedboth skilled and unskilled workers, attempted to organize all workers into onegreat union. After it successfully struck the Wabashrailroad owned by Jay Gould in l885, its popularity and power grew dramatically.In l886 the Knights had 700,000 members.
　　5　The decline of the Knights of labor, however, came quickly. Thestrike against Gould was gradually broken, and the Knights' radical positionson social issues cost them public support. In the end, a lack of unity as wellas the rapid inflow of unskilled immigrants weakened the union's economicpower, and the organization came to an end.
　　23　Paragraph 2 __________
　　24　Paragraph 3 __________
　　25　Paragraph 4 __________
　　26　Paragraph 5 __________

 

 

　　A　Management’s Reaction to the laborMovement
　　B　The Decline of an Early Union
　　C　Reasons for Starting a Union
　　D　Comparison between the Unions and theMedieval Craft Guilds
　　E　Foundation
　　F　The Development of an Early Union

　　27　Guilders had the money to __________.
　　28　Workers united together to __________.
　　29　Employers would try their best to __________.
　　30　Knights lost its popularity because it took __________.

　　A　Ask for higher wages
　　B　Fight for equal education
　　C　Employ workers
　　D　Unskilled workers
　　E　Stop Union activities
　　F　Radical positions on socialissues