2017年職稱英語試題庫綜合類專項強化習題二
發布時間：2016-09-18 共1頁
Hurricane Katrina
A hurricane is n fiercely powerful , rotating form of tropical storm that can be 124 to 1,240 miles in diameter. The term hurricane is derived from Hurican, the name of 8 native American storm god1. Hurricanes are typical of2 a calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter, known as the eye. They occur in tropical regions. Over its lifetime3, one of these storms can release as much energy as 10,000 nuclear bombs4.
The seed for hurricane formation5 is a cluster of thunderstorms over warm tropical waters. Hurricanes can only form and be fed6 when the sea-surface temperature exceeds 270C and the surrounding atmosphere is calm. These requirements are met between June and November in the northern hemisphere.
Under these conditions, large quantities of water evaporate and condense into clouds and rain — releasing heat in the process. It is this heat energy, combined with the rotation of the Earth, that drives a hurricane.
When the warm column of air7 from the sea surface first begins to rise, it causes an area of low pressure. This in turn creates wind as air is drawn into the area. This spinning wind drags up more moisture-laden air from the sea surface in a process that swells the storm8. Cold air falls back to the ocean surface through the eye9 and on the outside of the storm.
Initially, when wind speeds reach 23 miles per hour, these mild, wet and grey weather systems are known as depressions10. Hurricane Katrina formed in this way over the southeastern Bahamas on 23 August 2005. Katrina has had a devastating impact on the Gulf Coast of the US, leaving a disaster zone of 90,000 square miles in its wake11 — almost the size of the UK. Thousands have been killed or injured and more than half a million people have been displaced in a humanitarian crisis of a scale not seen in the US since the great depression.12 The cost of the damage may top13 $ 100 billion.詞匯: hurricane / 5hQrikEn /n.颶風 evaporate /i5vApEreit/v.(使)蒸發，(使)揮發 rotate / rEu5teit /v.旋轉，轉動 condense /kEn5dens/v.使冷卻凝結;使濃縮 cluster /5klQstE/n.一群,一束 moisture-laden adj.充滿水分的，充滿濕度的 thunderstorm n.雷暴 sustain /sEs5tein/v.保持，持續 hemisphere /5hemisfiE/n.(地球的)半球 humanitarian / hju(:)7mAni5tZEriEn/adj.人道主義的注釋:
1. storm god:風暴之神。原為加勒比海 (Caribbean-Sea)地區加勒比人心目中的“罪惡之神” (the god of evil)。
2. are typical of:以……為特征，有……特點。
3. over its lifetime:在(颶風)肆虐的整個過程中
4. release as much energy as 10,000 nuclear bombs:釋放相當于 l萬顆核彈的能量
5. The seed for hurricane formation: 颶風形成的原因。 seed原義為“種子”，在這里的意思是“原因”。
6. ... be fed: feed在這里的意思是 : to supply with something essential for growth, maintenance, or operation (為生長、維持或運行提供某些必要的物質條件 )，在此可理解為“引發”。
7. the warm column of air:柱狀暖氣流
8. a process that swells the storm:增大暴風雨威力的變化過程。 swell:在此作動詞用，意思是 to cause to increase in volume, size, number, degree, or intensity (增強體積、尺寸、數量、程度或強度 )。
9. the eye:指第一段中提到的“颶風中心”。
10. depressions:低氣壓區
11. in its wakes在……之后。例如 : The car left clouds of dust in its wake.車后揚起了一陣塵土。
12. … more than half a million people have been displaced in a humanitarian crisis of a scale not seen in the US since the great depression:五十多萬人被迫離開家園，如此大規模的人道主義危機是美國自大蕭條以來還未經歷過的。 be displaced:被迫離開某地。 the great depression:大蕭條，指從 1929年開始、持續至大約 1939年在北美洲、歐洲和世界其他工業化地區發生的經濟衰退。
13. top:在此作動詞用，意思是 to exceed or surpass(多于，越過 )。練習:
1. What is the eye of a hurricane? A A native American storm god.
B A rotating form of tropical storm that can be 124 to 1240 miles in diameter. C A calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter. D A storm that can release as much energy as 10,000 nuclear bombs.
2. Which of the following is NOT the “requirements” mentioned in the second paragraph? A The tropical waters are warm and calm. B The sea-surface temperature exceeds 27°C. C There are thunderstorms over warm tropical waters. D The atmosphere surrounding the sea is calm.
3. Which of the following is the best explanation of the word “drive” in the third paragraph? A To guide, control, or direct. B To force to go through or push in. C To supply the motive force or power and cause to function. D To force to move in a particular direction.
4. What does the warm air mentioned in the fourth paragraph produce when it is rising from the sea surface? A High pressure. B Low pressure. C Wind. D Cold air.
5. What is NOT true of Hurricane Katrina according to the last paragraph? A The area affected is almost the size of the UK. B It left a disaster zone of 90,000 square miles. C Half a million people are forced to leave the area. D The humanitarian crisis is as serious as that of the great depression.
答案與題解 :
1. C 文章的第一段第三句描述了颶風的特點，即一個直徑為 12～60英里的、平靜的低氣壓中心地帶。這個中心就叫做 eye of a hurricane。
2. A第二段的第一、二句描寫颶風的形成原因，昀后一句中的 These requirements即是第一、二句中所述內容。所以 B、C和 D都不是正確選項。
3. C A的意思是“駕駛”;B的意思是“敲”，“打”、“擊”，如: Drive in a nail.把釘子敲進去。 D的意思是“驅趕”，如: Drive the cattle along the road.沿大路驅趕牛群。 C的意思是“發動”、“驅動”，是正確選項。
4. B第四段第一句提供了答案。… it causes tan area of low pressure. it代指從海面上升起來的暖流。
5. D A、B、C的內容均在課文昀后一段中被提到。文中… in a humanitarian crisis of a scale not seen in the US since the great depression.的大致意思是 :如此大規模的人道主義危機是美國自大蕭條以來還未約歷過的。 D句不符合這句話的意思，所以是正確選項。
