2015年職稱英語考試《綜合類C級》模擬試卷(5)
發布時間：2014-12-03 共3頁
第4部分：閱讀理解：第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據短文內容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。
31、閱讀材料，回答31-45題。
On Dec．11，2001，as part of the effort to increase homeland security，federal and local authorities in 14 states staged“Operation Safe Travel”-raids on airports to arrest employees with false identification(身份證明)．In Salt Lake City there were 69 arrests．But those captured were anything but terrorists，most of them
illegal immigrants from Central or South America．Authorities said the undocumented workers’illegal status made them open to blackmail(訛詐)by terrorists．
Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable goods．
Mayor Anderson said those feelings were justified to a certain extent，“We’re saying we want you to work in these places，we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are，and then when it’s convenient for us，or when we can try to make a point in terms of national security，especially after Sept．1 1，then you’re disposable．There are whole families being uprooted for all of the wrong reasons，”Anderson said．
If Sept．1 1 had never happened．the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone oil quietly living in America．probably indefinitely．Ana Castr0，a manager at a Ben＆Jerry’s ice cream shop at the airport，had been workin9 10 years with the same false Social Security card when she was arrested in the December airport raid．Now she and her family are living under the threat of deportation(驅逐出境)．Castro’s case is currently waiting to be settled．While she awaits the outcome，the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben&Jerry’s．
According to the author，the United States claims to be a nation__________．
A．composed of people having different values
B．encouraging individual pursuits
C．sharing common interests
D．founded on shared ideals
32、How did the immigrants in Salt Lake City feel about“Operation Safe Travel”?
A．Guilty．
B．Offended．
C．Disappointed．
D．Discouraged．
33、Undocumented workers became the target of“Operation Safe Travel”because．
A．evidence was found that they were potential terrorists
B．most of them worked at airports under threat of terrorist attacks
C．terrorists might take advantage of their illegal status
D．they were reportedly helping hide terrorists around the airport
34、By saying“we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are”(Line 2，Para．4)，Mayor Anderson means“__________”．
A．we will turn a blind eye to your illegal status
B．we will examine the laws in a different way
C．there are other ways of enforcing the law
D．the existing laws must not be ignored
35、What do we leam about Ana Castro from the last paragraph?
A．She will be deported sooner or later．
B．She is allowed to stay permanently．
C．Her case has been dropped．
D．Her fate remains uncertain．
36、閱讀材料，回答36-50題。
None of the methods conceived two decades ago has yet to discover a uniform wanting signal that preceded all quakes, let alone any sign that would tell whether the coming temblor ( 地震) is mild or a killer.Earthquake formation can be triggered by many factors, says Hiroo Kanamori, a seismologist (地震學家), at the California Institute of Technology. So, finding one all-purpose warning sign is impossible. One reason :Quakes tart deep in the earth, so scientists can't study them directly. If a quake precursor were found, it would still be impossible to ward humans in advance of all dangerous quakes.Places like Japan and California are fiddle with hundreds, if not thousands, of minor faults.
Prediction would be less important if scientists could easily build structures to withstand tremors. While seismic engineering has improved dramatically in the past 10 to 15 years, every new quake reveals unexpected weakness in "quake-resistant" structures, says Terry Tullis, a geophysicist at Brown University. In Kobe, for example, a highway that opened only last year was damaged. In the Northridgeearthquake, on the other hand,well-built structures generally did not collapse.
A recent report in Science adds yet more anxiety about life on the faulty lines. Researchers Fan computer simulations to see how quake resistant buildings would fall in a moderate size temblor, taking into account that much of a quake's energy travels in a large "pulse" of focused shaking. The results: both steel-frame buildings
and buildings that sit on insulating rubber pads suffered severe damage.
More research will help experts design stronger structures and possibly find quake precursors. But it is still a certainty that the next earthquake will prove once again that every fault cannot be monitored and every highway cannot be completely quake-proofed.
From the first paragraph, it can be safely inferred that__________.
A．scientists can never be able to predict the coming of earthquakes
B．the existing power on predicting earthquakes is somewhat exaggerated
C．quite a lot of scientific assertions are groundless
D．earthquake predictions are beyond the reach of scientists
37、One of the main difficulties in accurate earthquake forecasting is that__________.
A．earthquakes may take place in anywhere possible
B．earthquakes take place simultaneously and unexpectedly
C．most earthquakes take place at any unexpected moment
D．the occurrence of earthquakes involves too many unforeseen factors
38、 What does the word precursor in the context in the second paragraph mean?
A．A man that may come before the happening of an earthquake.
B．The leading factor that may cause a series of events to occur.
C．Any meaningful sigh that indicates some would-be happenings.
D．An event that may have symbolic or significant nature.
39、What does the author mean when he mentions the damage caused by earth quakes?
A．It is hard to build structures strong enough to withstand serious temblor.
B．Not all structures can be made to withstand the tremor of the earthquakes.
C．The damage caused by earthquakes to buildings can hardly be predicted accurately.
D．No structures would be strong enough to endure violent earthquakes.
40、According to the passage all the following statements are TRUE except
A．Stronger materials will be developed to withstand serious earthquakes
B．Seismic engineering has been greatly improved in the past years
C．It won't be long before earthquakes can be predicted accurately
D．Something unpredictable may still happen beyond the expectations of the seismologist
41、閱讀材料，回答41-55題。
But this idealized version of how one "does" science is naive.Although science demands proof that observations made by one observer be observable by other observers using the same methods.It is by no means clear that even when confronted with identical phenomena different observers will report identical observations.
And it is most certain that, even if the same observations are made, the conclusions as to the meaning of the observations frequently differ.
The fact is that all of us scientists included, see differently. Variations in human perception are well known and have been studied extensively. Distortions in perceptions are frequently seen among observers, even though they may be in identical settings viewing identical phenomena. A documented misperception from history can be found in the experience of Darwin.His ship, Beagle, after anchoring off the Patagonian coast, sent off a landing party in small rowboats. Amazingly, the Patagonian natives watching from shore were blind to the Beagle, but could easily see the tiny rowboats. They have no prior experience of huge sailing ships, but small rowing vessels were an everyday part of their life. Rowboats fit their model of the world but huge ships did not.Their model determined their perceptions.
Our ideas that science proceeds on an utterly objective and straightforward basis ignores the distortions of reality imposed by our own perceptual apparatus. In many cases we see what we have been trained to see, what we are used to seeing. If a subject is fitted with special glasses that are designed to invert the visual field, at first the subject sees everything upside down. After a period of time, as the glasses continue to be worn, a correction is made by our perceptual mechanism and the image is flipped, so that the world once again appears erect.
What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The research methods used by scientists.
B．Observation and human perception variation.
C．The relation between hypothesis and observation.
D．The human perceptual mechanism.
42、According to the author, the distortions of reality__________.
A．are related to the method of observation
B．can never be avoided
C．are caused by human perceptual mechanism
D．can easily be corrected
43、Which of the following cannot be concluded from Paragraph 2 ?
A．When people face the same phenomena, they will have the same observations.
B．Variations in observation and conclusion are related to human perception.
C．People using the same methods of observation can still make different observations.
D．People often reach different conclusions even when they make the same observations.
44、 According to Paragraph 4, the Patagonian natives__________.
A．suddenly became blind when the Beagle was approaching
B．could not see the Beagle because it was too far away
C．didn't see the Beagle because it was too big
D．could not see the Beagle because they had never met with big sailing ships like that before
45、It can be inferred form the last paragraph that human perceptual mechanism__________.
A．can never be changed
B．provides all objective straightforward way for observation
C．can provide some sort of correction on the basis of experience
D．always distorts reality
31、閱讀材料，回答31-45題。
Deport them or not
In a country that defines itself by ideals，not by shared blood，who should be allowed to come，work and live here?In the wake of the Sept．1 1 attacks these questions have never seemed more pressing．On Dec．11，2001，as part of the effort to increase homeland security，federal and local authorities in 14 states staged“Operation Safe Travel”-raids on airports to arrest employees with false identification(身份證明)．In Salt Lake City there were 69 arrests．But those captured were anything but terrorists，most of them
illegal immigrants from Central or South America．Authorities said the undocumented workers’illegal status made them open to blackmail(訛詐)by terrorists．
Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable goods．
Mayor Anderson said those feelings were justified to a certain extent，“We’re saying we want you to work in these places，we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are，and then when it’s convenient for us，or when we can try to make a point in terms of national security，especially after Sept．1 1，then you’re disposable．There are whole families being uprooted for all of the wrong reasons，”Anderson said．
If Sept．1 1 had never happened．the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone oil quietly living in America．probably indefinitely．Ana Castr0，a manager at a Ben＆Jerry’s ice cream shop at the airport，had been workin9 10 years with the same false Social Security card when she was arrested in the December airport raid．Now she and her family are living under the threat of deportation(驅逐出境)．Castro’s case is currently waiting to be settled．While she awaits the outcome，the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben&Jerry’s．
According to the author，the United States claims to be a nation__________．
A．composed of people having different values
B．encouraging individual pursuits
C．sharing common interests
D．founded on shared ideals
32、How did the immigrants in Salt Lake City feel about“Operation Safe Travel”?
A．Guilty．
B．Offended．
C．Disappointed．
D．Discouraged．
33、Undocumented workers became the target of“Operation Safe Travel”because．
A．evidence was found that they were potential terrorists
B．most of them worked at airports under threat of terrorist attacks
C．terrorists might take advantage of their illegal status
D．they were reportedly helping hide terrorists around the airport
34、By saying“we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are”(Line 2，Para．4)，Mayor Anderson means“__________”．
A．we will turn a blind eye to your illegal status
B．we will examine the laws in a different way
C．there are other ways of enforcing the law
D．the existing laws must not be ignored
35、What do we leam about Ana Castro from the last paragraph?
A．She will be deported sooner or later．
B．She is allowed to stay permanently．
C．Her case has been dropped．
D．Her fate remains uncertain．
36、閱讀材料，回答36-50題。
Unpredictable Earthquake
Humans are forever forgetting that they can't control nature. Exactly 20 years ago, a Time magazine cover story announced that "scientists are on the verge of being able to predict the time, place and even the size of earthquakes." The people of quake-ravaged ( 被地震破壞的) Kobe learned last week how wrong that assertion was.None of the methods conceived two decades ago has yet to discover a uniform wanting signal that preceded all quakes, let alone any sign that would tell whether the coming temblor ( 地震) is mild or a killer.Earthquake formation can be triggered by many factors, says Hiroo Kanamori, a seismologist (地震學家), at the California Institute of Technology. So, finding one all-purpose warning sign is impossible. One reason :Quakes tart deep in the earth, so scientists can't study them directly. If a quake precursor were found, it would still be impossible to ward humans in advance of all dangerous quakes.Places like Japan and California are fiddle with hundreds, if not thousands, of minor faults.
Prediction would be less important if scientists could easily build structures to withstand tremors. While seismic engineering has improved dramatically in the past 10 to 15 years, every new quake reveals unexpected weakness in "quake-resistant" structures, says Terry Tullis, a geophysicist at Brown University. In Kobe, for example, a highway that opened only last year was damaged. In the Northridgeearthquake, on the other hand,well-built structures generally did not collapse.
A recent report in Science adds yet more anxiety about life on the faulty lines. Researchers Fan computer simulations to see how quake resistant buildings would fall in a moderate size temblor, taking into account that much of a quake's energy travels in a large "pulse" of focused shaking. The results: both steel-frame buildings
and buildings that sit on insulating rubber pads suffered severe damage.
More research will help experts design stronger structures and possibly find quake precursors. But it is still a certainty that the next earthquake will prove once again that every fault cannot be monitored and every highway cannot be completely quake-proofed.
From the first paragraph, it can be safely inferred that__________.
A．scientists can never be able to predict the coming of earthquakes
B．the existing power on predicting earthquakes is somewhat exaggerated
C．quite a lot of scientific assertions are groundless
D．earthquake predictions are beyond the reach of scientists
37、One of the main difficulties in accurate earthquake forecasting is that__________.
A．earthquakes may take place in anywhere possible
B．earthquakes take place simultaneously and unexpectedly
C．most earthquakes take place at any unexpected moment
D．the occurrence of earthquakes involves too many unforeseen factors
38、 What does the word precursor in the context in the second paragraph mean?
A．A man that may come before the happening of an earthquake.
B．The leading factor that may cause a series of events to occur.
C．Any meaningful sigh that indicates some would-be happenings.
D．An event that may have symbolic or significant nature.
39、What does the author mean when he mentions the damage caused by earth quakes?
A．It is hard to build structures strong enough to withstand serious temblor.
B．Not all structures can be made to withstand the tremor of the earthquakes.
C．The damage caused by earthquakes to buildings can hardly be predicted accurately.
D．No structures would be strong enough to endure violent earthquakes.
40、According to the passage all the following statements are TRUE except
A．Stronger materials will be developed to withstand serious earthquakes
B．Seismic engineering has been greatly improved in the past years
C．It won't be long before earthquakes can be predicted accurately
D．Something unpredictable may still happen beyond the expectations of the seismologist
41、閱讀材料，回答41-55題。
How does Science Proceed?
How exactly does science work? How do scientists go about "doing" science? Ordinarily we think science proceeds in a straightforward way. Ideally, scientists make observations, formulate hypotheses, and test those hypotheses by making further observations. When there is difference between what is observed and what is predicted by the hypothesis, the hypothesis is reviewed. Science proceeds in this way, which is a gradual method of finding the best fit between observation and prediction.But this idealized version of how one "does" science is naive.Although science demands proof that observations made by one observer be observable by other observers using the same methods.It is by no means clear that even when confronted with identical phenomena different observers will report identical observations.
And it is most certain that, even if the same observations are made, the conclusions as to the meaning of the observations frequently differ.
The fact is that all of us scientists included, see differently. Variations in human perception are well known and have been studied extensively. Distortions in perceptions are frequently seen among observers, even though they may be in identical settings viewing identical phenomena. A documented misperception from history can be found in the experience of Darwin.His ship, Beagle, after anchoring off the Patagonian coast, sent off a landing party in small rowboats. Amazingly, the Patagonian natives watching from shore were blind to the Beagle, but could easily see the tiny rowboats. They have no prior experience of huge sailing ships, but small rowing vessels were an everyday part of their life. Rowboats fit their model of the world but huge ships did not.Their model determined their perceptions.
Our ideas that science proceeds on an utterly objective and straightforward basis ignores the distortions of reality imposed by our own perceptual apparatus. In many cases we see what we have been trained to see, what we are used to seeing. If a subject is fitted with special glasses that are designed to invert the visual field, at first the subject sees everything upside down. After a period of time, as the glasses continue to be worn, a correction is made by our perceptual mechanism and the image is flipped, so that the world once again appears erect.
What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The research methods used by scientists.
B．Observation and human perception variation.
C．The relation between hypothesis and observation.
D．The human perceptual mechanism.
42、According to the author, the distortions of reality__________.
A．are related to the method of observation
B．can never be avoided
C．are caused by human perceptual mechanism
D．can easily be corrected
43、Which of the following cannot be concluded from Paragraph 2 ?
A．When people face the same phenomena, they will have the same observations.
B．Variations in observation and conclusion are related to human perception.
C．People using the same methods of observation can still make different observations.
D．People often reach different conclusions even when they make the same observations.
44、 According to Paragraph 4, the Patagonian natives__________.
A．suddenly became blind when the Beagle was approaching
B．could not see the Beagle because it was too far away
C．didn't see the Beagle because it was too big
D．could not see the Beagle because they had never met with big sailing ships like that before
45、It can be inferred form the last paragraph that human perceptual mechanism__________.
A．can never be changed
B．provides all objective straightforward way for observation
C．can provide some sort of correction on the basis of experience
D．always distorts reality
