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　四、閱讀理解

　　Smart Windows

　　1.Windows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use for lighting, but the light coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are not something people typically associate with being a cutting edge technology. Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between easily.

　　2."It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is," says Claes Granqvist. He's a professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden. "It's contact with the outside world. You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well." So, windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when they're stuck indoors.

　　3.Yet, windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy and temperature control. In the winter, cold air leaks in. When it's hot and sunny, sunlight streams in. All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy. And all of this extra heat forces people to turn on their air conditioners. Producing cold air, which can feel so refreshing(使人清新的), actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world.

　　4.Windows have been a major focus of energy research for a long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating, glazing(用玻璃覆蓋), and layering windows to make them more energy efficient. Smart windows go a step further. They use some chromogenic(發色的)technologies involving changes of color.

　　5.Electrochromic(電致色的) windows use electricity to change color. For example, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of tungsten oxide(氧化鎢)works a bit like a battery. Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed, that is, when the amount of voltage(電壓)is decreased, the window darkens until it's completely dark after all electricity is taken away. So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear or dark.

　　6.One important feature that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of "memory". All it takes is a small shock of voltage to turn the window from one state to the other. Then, it stays that way. Transitions take from 10 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the size of the window. The development of smart windows could mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need. "In the future," Granqvist says, "our buildings may look different."

　　31.【題干】Which of the following values of windows is NOT mentioned?

　　【選項】

　　A.They let light in to brighten the house.

　　B.They let light in to heat the house.

　　C.They let us have visual contact with the surrounding world.

　　D.They let us think about the outside world.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　32.【題干】The expression "when it comes to" in Paragraph 3 is used to_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.signal the arrival of a guest.

　　B.indicate the recovery of consciousness.

　　C.show our understanding of something.

　　D.introduce a new aspect of a topic.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　33.【題干】According to Paragraph 4, smart windows are the windows that_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.are costed.

　　B.are glazed.

　　C.have several layers.

　　D.can change color.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　34.【題干】Which paragraph gives an account of the way electrochromic windows changing?

　　【選項】

　　A.Paragraph 5.

　　B.Paragraph 3.

　　C.Paragraph 4.

　　D.Paragraph 6.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】

　　35.【題干】A smart windows is smart mainly because_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.it can change its size.

　　B.it can change its structure.

　　C.it can change the voltage of electricity.

　　D.it has a sort of memory.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　Sports Star Yao Ming

　　If Yao Ming is not the biggest sports star in the world, he is almost certainly the tallest. At 2.26m, he is the tallest player in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and holds the record as the most towering Olympian ever to compete in the Games.

　　But what really stands out about the giant center is his celebrity(名氣). Few, if any, Chinese athletes are as well-known as Yao around the world. People across the globe are fascinated with Yao, not only for his basketball prowess(杰出的才能)also for being a symbol of international commerce.

　　When Yao joined the Houston Rockets as the No.1 pick in the 2002 NBA draft(選抜)， he was the first international player ever to be selected first. His assets on the court are clear enough—no NBA player of his size has ever possessed his mobility, so he is a handful(難對付的人)for opponents on either end of the court. But what makes Yao invaluable to the Rockets organization is his role as a global citizen and as a bridge to millions of potential basketball fans in China.

　　When it was announced in February that Yao would miss the rest of the NBA season and possibly the Olympics with a stress fracture(骨折)in his left foot, a collective shudder(震動)spread across China. After considerable debate and discussion, Yao opted to get his foot surgically treated in an operation that placed several tiny screws across the bone, to offer his overburdened foot more support. The surgery was a success, and though the estimated four-month recovery period will leave him little time to prepare with Team China, Yao has vowed to be ready for the Beijing Olympics.

　　Yao wrapped up a 10-day trip to China, where he underwent a series of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatments, hoping to accelerate his recovery process Western experts are generally skeptical of TCM's benefits although new research from the University of Rochester suggests that a certain compound derived from shellfish may indeed stimulate bone repair.

　　"There is no reason to dismiss TCM," Yao told a press conference in Beijing." It's been used in our country for thousands of years. I don't think that it's short on science."

　　36.【題干】The word "towering" in Paragraph 1 means_____

　　【選項】

　　A.large.

　　B.fat.

　　C.tall.

　　D.great.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】

　　37.【題干】Opponents find it very difficult to control Yao Ming because of his_____

　　【選項】

　　A.mobility.

　　B.assault.

　　C.defense.

　　D.celebrity.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】

　　38.【題干】Yao Ming had to undergo a series of TCM treatments because_____

　　【選項】

　　A.his right foot had been hurting.

　　B.he wanted to make a more rapid recovery.

　　C.the surgical operation had been a failure.

　　D.he couldn't afford all the medical expenses.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】

　　39.【題干】Which statement about Yao Ming is NOT true?

　　【選項】

　　A.He missed the Athens Olympics.

　　B.He is an NBA player.

　　C.He fractured his left foot.

　　D.He is an international figure.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】

　　40.【題干】In general, the Western experts' attitude towards TCM is_____.

　　【選項】

　　A.indifferent.

　　B.positive.

　　C.negative.

　　D.doubtful.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　Can you hear This?

　　When something creates a sound wave in a room or an auditorium, listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They also hear the reflections as the sound bounces off the walls, floor, and ceiling. These are called the reflected wave or reverberant(反射的)sound, which can be heard even after the sound is no longer coming from the source.

　　The reverberation time of an auditorium is determined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium. It is also determined by how well or how poorly the walls, ceiling, floor, and contents of the room (including the people) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time. Because each use of an auditorium calls for different reverberation. Speech needs to be understood clearly: therefore rooms used for talking must have a short reverberation time. The full-sound performance of music such as Wagner operas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time. The light, rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozart need a reverberation time somewhere between.

　　Acoustic problems often are caused by poor auditorium design. Smooth, curved reflecting surfaces create large reflections. Parallel(平行的)walls reflect sound back and forth, creating a rapid, repetitive pulsing effect. Large pillars(柱)and corners can cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object. Some of these problems can be solved by using absorbers and reflectors to change the reverberation time of a room. For example, hanging large reflectors, called clouds, over the performers will allow some sound frequencies to reflect and others to pass to achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.

　　41.【題干】This passage is mainly about_____

　　A.sound waves and their effects.

　　B.the types of music orchestras play.

　　C.walls of an auditorium.

　　D.the design of an auditorium.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　42.【題干】Wagner operas and Mahler symphonies with full-sound effect have_____

　　A.a short reverberation time.

　　B.an intermediate reverberation time.

　　C.no reverberation time.

　　D.a long reverberation time.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　43.【題干】This passage suggests that a good auditorium should_____

　　A.get rid of all reflections.

　　B.not have absorbers.

　　C.achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.

　　D.have smooth surfaces.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　44.【題干】Large pillars and corners may_____

　　A.make sound rich and full.

　　B.be cures for sound problems.

　　C.be sources of sound problems.

　　D.function as effectively as clouds.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】

　　45.【題干】The word "acoustic" in the last paragraph has something to do with_____

　　A.performance.

　　B.sound.

　　C.audience.

　　D.weather.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】