職稱英語（綜合類）輔導講議－詞匯學習
發布時間：2011-09-29 共14頁
詞匯學習3：
1. B manual（手的；體力的）與physical（身體的；體力的）意思相近。Their physical strength was their pride.健壯的體魄是他們的驕傲。expressive:富于表情的。He had an expressive face.他有一張表情豐富的臉。exaggerated:夸張的。Everyone was listening to his vivid but exaggerated description of the event.每個人都在聽他對事件的生動但夸張的描述。dubious:懷疑的。These goods are of dubious origin.這些東西的來路令人懷疑。manual gestures也可以說成hand gestures（手勢）。
2. C harness此處與utilise意思相近：利用。More efficient ways to utilize wind energy and tidal power are being studied.人們正在研究更有效地利用風能和潮汐能量的方法。convert:轉換。A solar cell takes radiation from the sun and converts it into electricity.太陽能電池吸收太陽光線，并將其轉成電。store:儲存。We hope to be able to store solar energy in the summer months and use it in winter.我們希望能夠在夏天把太陽能儲存起來，在冬天使用。receive:接收，收到。I received a letter from my brother.我收到我弟弟的一封信。
3. B resident:居民，住戶。與occupant（居住者；占用者）意思相近。A 12-year-old boy and a dog were the sole occupants of the big house.這所房子里只住著一個十二歲的男孩和一條狗。manager:經理；管理人。All the managers agreed that this was a good idea.所有的經理都認為這是個好主意。landlord:房東；地主。The landlord doesn't want to reduce the rent.房東不打算降低房租。caretaker:夜間看管空房子的人。You should inform the caretakers of the changes to the alarm system.你應該讓守夜的人知道改變警報系統的事。
4. A steadily:穩定地。在此句中有“穩步地，不斷地”的意思，與continuously（不斷地）意思相近。The volcano has been erupting continuously since March.這座火山自三月起一直在不斷地噴發。quickly:迅速地。The boss wants us to finish the project more quickly than before.老板要我們比以前更快地完成這個項目。excessively:過度地；過量地。He laughed excessively, making us question his sincerity.他笑得太過分了，使我們懷疑他的真誠。exceptionally:例外地。This October has been exceptionally wet.今年十月雨下得出奇地多。
5. D remedy:治療；補救。與cure（治療）是近義詞。Herbal medicine can be used to cure sleeplessness.草藥可用來治療失眠。disrupt:破壞；分裂。They made several attempts to disrupt our meetings.他們屢次謀略破壞我們的集會。diagnose:診斷。Routine tests will diagnose the condition accurately.常規檢查會準確地診斷病情。evaporate:蒸發；使脫水。Heat evaporates water.熱使水蒸發。
6. B draft:起草，設計。與formulate（制定）意思相近。We will formulate a policy that will promote rather than hinder peace.我們將制定一項促進和平而不是阻礙和平的政策。clarify:澄清。The committee asked him to clarify his points.委員會要他澄清他的觀點。revise:修改，修訂。Professor Jones twice asked Tom to revise his essay.瓊斯教授兩次要湯姆修改他的文章。contribute:作貢獻；起作用。Exchange of ideas contributes greatly to mutual understanding.交換看法有助于相互了解。
7. B practically:幾乎。與almost（幾乎）是同義詞。In Oxford Street you can buy almost anything.在牛津街你差不多什么都可以買到。simultaneously:同時地。She holds both views simultaneously.她同時持有這兩種觀點。absolutely:絕對地。Curing cancer to the current medical knowledge is absolutely impossible.就目前的醫學知識來說，治愈癌癥絕對不可能。basically:基本地。What he told the investigating committee was basically true.他對調查委員會所說的話基本屬實。
8. C occasionally與sometimes意思相近：有時，偶爾。I drink coffee only occasionally.我只是偶爾才喝咖啡。regularly:定期地，有規律地。The doctor told him to check his blood pressure regularly.夫要他定期地檢查血壓。accidentally:意外地，偶然地。I accidentally found the book I had been looking for.我偶然碰到我一直想要的書。successfully: 成功地。We have completed the experiment successfully.我們成功地做完了實驗。
9. D try跟test意思相近：試，嘗試。We are not ready to test the new design yet.我們尚未做好對新設計進行試驗的準備。grow:成長；生長。It is a very peculiar experience to see one's child grow.看著孩子長，有一種獨特的感受。wrap:包；包裹。He told the shop assistant not to wrap it yet; he wanted to examine it more closely.他告訴售貨員先不要包起來，他要仔細看看。hide:藏；隱藏。He told the boss that he had nothing to hide.他對老板說他沒有什么可隱瞞的。
10. B rarely:很少，不常。seldom:很少，不常。She seldom showed her feelings.她很少流露她的感情。rarely and seldom是否定副詞。放在句首時引起倒裝。Rarely（or Seldom）have I heard such beautiful singing.我很少聽到這么優美的歌聲。continuously:連續不斷地。The river flows continuously along the frontier of the country.這條河沿著國家的邊境綿綿不斷地流著。usually:通常。Influenza usually breaks out in winter.流感常見于冬天。
11. A readily:樂意地；迅速地。willingly:樂意地。If you don't come willingly, I shall have to use force.如果你不是心甘情愿地來的話，我將不得不訴諸武力。suddenly:突然。Her expression suddenly altered.她的表情突然變了。firmly:堅固地，堅定地。The front door is locked and all the windows are firmly shut.前門鎖著，并且所有的窗戶都關得死死的。quickly:迅速地。Her heart began to beat very quickly.她的心臟開始非常迅速地跳動。
12. A extract:取出；拔出。take out:取出；拔出。The dentist took out five of Mary's teeth.牙醫拔掉了瑪麗的五顆牙。repair:補。The garage charged me forty dollars to repair the car.修車廠要了我40美元修車費。pull:拉。The horse is pulling a cart.馬拉著車。pull out:拔。The dentist pulled out all her bad teeth.牙醫拔掉了她所有的壞牙。dig:挖掘。We shall have to dig through the mountains to lay this pipe.為了鋪設這條管道，我們得挖通這座山。
13. D shine:照亮，發光。polish:擦亮。Each morning he shaves and polishes his shoes.每天早晨，他都刮臉，擦鞋。They need to polish their English.他們需要提高英語水平。lighten:發亮，照亮。The sky lightened after the rain ended.雨過晴天。clean:清除。He cleaned the dirt off the coat.他擦掉了外套上的污垢。wash:洗。He washed the dirt off the coat.他把外套上的污垢洗掉了。
14. A decent:正派的。honest:誠實；正派。He is honest and never tells lies.他是個從不說謊的老實人。rich:富。One of their aims in life is to get rich.他們生活中的一個目標是致富。good-looking:漂亮。Mary noticed John because he was good-looking.約翰相貌英俊，引起了瑪麗的注意。high-ranking:地位高的。He is a high-ranking army officer.他是一位高級陸軍軍官。
15. C deadly:致命的。fatal:致命的。His illness was fatal to our plans, i.e., cause them to fail.他生病后我們的計劃就落空了。contagious:傳染性的。Chicken pox is a contagious disease.水痘是一種傳染病。serious:嚴重的。Doctors said that his conditions were serious but stable.醫生說他的情況嚴重但還穩定。worrying:令人擔心的。His conditions are worrying to us.他的情況令我們擔憂。
詞匯學習4：
1. A insist on:堅持。與demand（要求：強求）意思比較接近。The Labour Party has demanded an explanation from the government.工黨已要求政府作出解釋。rely on:依靠。We have to rely on him for the tickets.我們不得不靠他搞票。prepare for:為……做準備。I have been preparing for the final exam.我一直在準備期末考試。create:產生；創建。His work created enormous interest in England.他的作品在英格蘭引起很關注。
2. D damaging:有損害的。與harmful（有害的）意思相近。The rays of the sun, in excess, can be very harmful.過量的陽光可能會非常有害。slight:少許。He has a slight German accent.他有一點德國口音。surprising:令人吃驚的。It was surprising that the little girl could answer this question.小女孩能回答這個問題，令人吃驚。sudden:突然的。There was a sudden drop in the temperature last night.昨夜氣溫突然下降。
3. B seldom:很少；不常。與rarely（難得；不常）意思相近。I rarely get up early on Sundays.星期天我很少早起。crudely:粗糙地；粗野地。Everyone was dressed in crudely sewn shorts and shirts.人人都穿著縫制得很粗糙的短褲和襯衫。originally:原來；創造性地：I stayed longer than I had originally planned.我逗留的時間比原來計劃的要長。symbolically:象征性地：The park was decorated symbolically.公園只是象征性地裝點了一下。
4. A spped:速度。與velocity（速度；快速）的意思相近。Scientists spent years studying the velocity of light.科學家們花了許多年研究光速。impulse:沖動。On impulse, I went into the shop and bought this expensive watch.在一時沖動下，我走進商店，買下了這塊昂貴的手表。ratio:比，比率。The ratio of pupils to teachers is 30 to 1.學生與教師之間的比例是30比1.atrocity:暴行。They were guilty of the most barbarous and inhuman atrocities.他們犯有最野蠻、最不人道的暴行。
5. A physician:內科夫。doctor:夫。professor:教授。physicist:物理學家。resident:居民。
6. C particularly和especially意思近似，表示“特別，尤其”。I like the country, especially in spring.尤其是春天，我特別喜歡農村。conventionally:傳統地，常規地。People in the countryside still wear their hair short and dress conventionally.鄉下人仍然留短發，穿傳統的服裝。obviously:明顯地。inevitably:不可避免地。
7. D safe和secure意思相近：安全的。She believes that her position is quite secure.她相信她的崗位是相當穩固的。clean:干凈的。pretty:漂亮的。distant:遠處的。
8. B branch和division意思相近：分支，分支機構。He's in charge of the State Department's African Affairs Division.他管國務院（美國）非洲事務部。unity:整體，聯合。embassy:使館。invasion:入侵，侵略。
9. D abnormal:不正常的。unusual:不平常的。He is a scholar of unusual ability.他是個有非凡才能的學者。bad:壞的，不好的。Smoking is certainly bad for your health.抽煙有害你的健康。frightening:驚嚇的。It was a very frightening experience but every one of us was courageous.這是一個令人害怕的經歷，不過，我們每個人都很勇敢。repeated:重復性的。John apparently did not return the money, despite repeated reminders.盡管不斷給約翰送去催單，顯然他還沒有還錢。
10. B abundant:量的，豐富的。plentiful:豐富的。Fish is plentiful in the lake.湖中有量的魚。steady:平穩的，持續的。A student doesn't have a steady income.學生沒有固定收入。extra:額外的。You'll get extra pay for extra work.額外的工作，我們付額外的報酬。meager:很少，不足。Their food supply is meager.他們食品供應短缺。
11. A accelerate:加快。step up:加快。Security is being stepped up to deal with the increase in violence.為了對付日益增長的暴力事件，安全工作正在加快。decrease:降低。Population growth is decreasing by 1.4% each year.人口正在以每年1.4%的速度下降。stop:停止。Her heart stopped three times.她的心臟三次停止跳動。control:控制。The federal government tried to control rising health-care cost.聯邦政府謀略控制日益增長的醫療費用。
12. C accumulate:積累，積聚。collect:收集；積聚。Dust collected on the furniture.家具上積了灰塵。increase:增加。Japan's industrial production increased by 20% last year.去年日本工業生產增長了20%.spread:展開；蔓延。Fire spread rapidly after a chemical truck exploded.一輛裝載化學物品的卡車爆炸后，火勢迅速蔓延。grow:增長；長滿。The path grew with weeds.小徑長滿了野草。
13. A allocate:分配；分派。assign:分配；指派。The company commander assigned me to stand guard.連長派我去站崗。persuade:勸說。They were eventually persuaded by the police to give themselves up.警察最終成功地說服了他們去投案自首。ask:請求。We asked her to sing.我們請求她唱歌。order:命令。The police ordered them to wait right there.警察命令他們就在那兒等著。
14. B childish:幼稚。immature:不成熟的。She is emotionally immature.她在情感上尚不成熟。simple:簡單的。He lives a very simple life for a man who has become incredibly rich.對于一個已經令人難以置信的富裕的人來說，他的生活是極其簡單的。beautiful:美麗。She is a very beautiful woman.她是一個非常美麗的女人。foolish:傻。She is being very foolish about it.在這件事上她很傻。注意該句和下句的區別：She is very foolish.她很傻。用一般現在時，說明傻是她的特征；用現在進行體，說明她在某個具體事情上犯傻，傻并非她的本質。
15. B barren:貧瘠。bare:赤裸的，光禿的。That probably is the most bare and inhospitable island I've ever seen.那可能是我見過的最荒涼的、最不宜居住的島嶼了。hairless:沒有毛發的。His body is smooth and hairless.他的軀體光溜溜的，并且不長毛。empty:空。The room is bare and empty.房間空蕩蕩的。bald:禿的。She is going bald.她日漸禿頂。
