詞匯學(xué)習(xí)9:
1. D improved: improve的過(guò)去分詞,在句中起形容詞的作用,即修飾learning environment,表示“改進(jìn)了的,更好的”,與better意思相近。easy:容易的。playful:頑皮的;鬧著玩的。open:公開的;開著的。
2. A break:打破。Carl Lewis has broken the world record in the 100 meters.卡爾·劉易斯打破了100米世界紀(jì)錄。beat:打;勝過(guò)等。beat the record:破記錄。如:He is as eager as his brother to beat the record.他和他的兄弟一樣急于破記錄。match:比得上;與……相配等。No one can match him in singing.論唱歌誰(shuí)也不如他。maintain:保持。He has maintained his title.他保持了他的稱號(hào)。announce:宣布,發(fā)布。The news was announced by the BBC.英國(guó)廣播公司發(fā)布了這條消息。
3. B provoke和elicit的意思相近:引起,誘發(fā)。The doctor's talk to the patients elicited little response.夫?qū)Σ∪说脑挍](méi)有引起什么反應(yīng)。demand:要求。The Labour Party demanded an explanation from the government.工黨要求政府作出解釋。extract:抽出,提取。extract a bullet from a wound:從傷口中取出子彈。extract juice from sugarcanes:榨甘蔗汁。defy:公然反抗,蔑視。The accused defied the order of the court and kept shouting.被告蔑視法庭的命令,不斷喊叫。
4. A gangster:匪徒,歹徒。violent criminal:兇犯。politician:政客,政治家。musician:音樂(lè)家。industrialist:工業(yè)家。
5. B framework:框架,基本結(jié)構(gòu)。skeleton:骨架,骷髏。His constructions are centered around steel skeletons.他的建筑以鋼骨架為中心。boundary:分界線。territorial boundaries:領(lǐng)土邊界。enclosure:圍繞,圍墻。material:材料。
6. D hazard和danger意思相近:危險(xiǎn);危害。There is a widespread danger of disease in this area.在這個(gè)地區(qū)疾病有擴(kuò)散的危險(xiǎn)。protection:保護(hù);防護(hù)。Insurance is a protection against unforeseeable misfortunes.保險(xiǎn)是對(duì)不可預(yù)見(jiàn)的災(zāi)難的一種防護(hù)措施。indication:指示;跡象。immunity:免疫力。Scientists are studying why some individuals have natural immunity to the disease.科學(xué)家們?cè)谘芯繛槭裁匆恍┤藢?duì)這種病有自然的免疫力。
7. C lure:吸引;誘惑。與attraction(吸引)意思相近。The attraction of the house lies in its simplicity.這所房子的誘人之處在于其簡(jiǎn)單。error:錯(cuò)誤。The doctor committed an appalling error of judgment.這個(gè)夫犯了一個(gè)令人震驚的判斷錯(cuò)誤。function:作用;功能。Scientists have understood only some of the functions of dreaming.科學(xué)家們僅僅弄懂了做夢(mèng)的部分功能。miracle:奇跡。It was a miracle that most the passengers survived the plane crash.部分乘客從撞機(jī)事件中生還,這真是個(gè)奇跡。
8. A densely:密集地;濃厚地。與compactly(緊密地;緊湊地)意思相近。We should store food more compactly in the refrigerator in order to save space.為節(jié)省空間,我們應(yīng)該把食物更緊湊地放在冰箱里。inexpensively:不貴地。Computer equipment can be purchased inexpensively these days.近來(lái)可以較便宜地買到計(jì)算機(jī)設(shè)備。quickly:迅速地,快。How quickly can you fix the car?你多快能修好這輛轎車?carefully:仔細(xì)地;小心地。If you observe more carefully, you will notice the difference between the two paintings.如果你更仔細(xì)地觀察,你就會(huì)注意到這兩幅畫的差別。
9. A fascinate:使……著迷,強(qiáng)烈地吸引住。與intrigue(引起……的興趣或好奇心)意思相近。The news intrigued all of us.這消息引起了家的興趣。infect:傳染。The flood left many people infected with cholera.洪水導(dǎo)致許多人染上霍亂。inconvenience:使……不便。I hope I haven't inconvenienced you.希望我沒(méi)有打擾你。incline:使……傾向于;使……想要。What he said inclines me to think that he will agree to our plan.他的話使我覺(jué)得他會(huì)同意我們的計(jì)劃。
10. B probe:探察;研究。與explore(探究;考察)意思相近。Both parties are exploring ways of settling the dispute.雙方都在尋求解決爭(zhēng)端的辦法。solve:解決。We will solve the problem of water shortage.我們會(huì)解決缺水問(wèn)題的。involve:使卷入;牽涉。dispute:爭(zhēng)執(zhí);辯論。They disputed how to get the best results.他們爭(zhēng)執(zhí)如何才能得到最好的效果。
11. A settle:解決。solve:解決。He finally solved the difficulty of transportation.他最終解決了運(yùn)輸問(wèn)題。determine:決定。Being determines consciousness.存在決定意識(shí)。untie:解開。He untied the ropes.他解開了繩子。complete:完成。She completed her degree in two years.她用兩年完成了學(xué)位。
12. D tremble:顫抖。shake:搖動(dòng);顫抖。She is shaking with anger.她氣得發(fā)抖。weep:哭泣。She wept when she heard the terrible news.當(dāng)聽到這一可怕的消息時(shí),她傷心地哭了。cry:哭;叫。What's that boy crying about?那個(gè)男孩在哭什么?run:跑。The robbers took the money and ran.強(qiáng)盜搶了錢跑了。
13. D shocked:震驚的。surprised;震驚的。We were surprised at his doing such a thing.他能干出這樣的事,令我們很吃驚。frustrated:泄氣的。She was frustrated by her poverty.她因?yàn)樨毟F而泄氣。disturbed:打擾的,焦慮不安的。He was disturbed to hear of her illness.當(dāng)他得知她有病時(shí),深感不安。relieved:寬慰的。She felt relieved to hear you were all right.她聽說(shuō)你很好就放心了。
14. A abide by:堅(jiān)持;遵循。stick to:堅(jiān)持;遵循。He must stick to the contract.他必須遵守合同。persist in:堅(jiān)持。Why do you persist in writing such things?你為什么老是寫這些東西?safeguard:保護(hù)。Vaccination safeguards us from smallpox.接種牛疹疫獎(jiǎng)勤罰懶可防麻疹。apply:應(yīng)用;申請(qǐng)。I have applied for a passport.我已申請(qǐng)辦理護(hù)照。
15. C widen:變寬;加寬。broaden:變寬;擴(kuò)。Trails broadened into roads.小徑變成了寬闊的道路。extend:延伸;延長(zhǎng)。The builders extended the road for three more miles.筑路人把道路延長(zhǎng)了三英里。stretch:舒展;延伸。The forests stretch for hundreds of miles.森林綿延數(shù)百英里。traverse:穿過(guò);橫貫。The railway traverses hundreds of miles of desert.這條鐵路橫貫沙漠?dāng)?shù)百英里。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí)10:
1. C shabby:不公正的;破舊的。與unfair(不公正的)意義相同。Her clothes were old and shabby.他過(guò)去穿的衣服既舊又破。Unforgettable:不會(huì)忘記的。A visit to Beijing is an unforgettable experience.去一次北京是一次不會(huì)忘記的經(jīng)歷。Unbelievable: It was an unbelievable moment when Du Li won the gold medal.杜麗獲金牌之時(shí)家高興極了。Unthinkable:不可相信的。This place is going to be unthinkable without you.這里沒(méi)有你不知道會(huì)變成什么樣子。
2. C 不要以為uneasy是easy的反義詞,那樣的話就會(huì)選difficult了。其實(shí)uneasy是“局促不安的,憂慮的,擔(dān)心的”的意思,如:I felt uneasy about asking her for such a big favour.(求她幫我這么個(gè)忙,我感到有點(diǎn)不安。)The very thought of the series of examinations lying ahead made her fell uneasy.(一想到等著她的一系列考試就讓她感到心神不定。)
3. A demolish這個(gè)動(dòng)詞的意思就是“拆毀,毀掉,推翻”,故pull down是正確答案。其他幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)均可和houses搭配,但意義和原句不同。rebuild是“重建”,renovate“修復(fù),整修”,whitewash“粉刷”。
4. D adverse這個(gè)詞的意思是“不利的,逆的”,如:adverse wind(逆風(fēng)),adverse criticism(非難),adverse situation(不利的形勢(shì)),adverse balance of trade(貿(mào)易逆差)。原句的意思是:廣告公司對(duì)公眾對(duì)招貼畫的不利反應(yīng)感到驚奇。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中adverse和unfavorable同義。另外三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以用于修飾public reaction, delayed是“延誤的”,quick“迅速的”,quick“迅速的”,positive“正面的,肯定的”和adverse恰恰相反。
5. B concise的意思是“簡(jiǎn)明的”,如:a concise dictionary(一部簡(jiǎn)明詞典)。long and detailed的意思正好相反,又長(zhǎng)又詳盡;comprehensive是“全面的”,professional“專業(yè)的”。
6. C courteous是“有禮貌的,謙恭的”,在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有respectful和它意義相近。respectable和respectful的區(qū)別是前者是“可尊敬的”,后者是“恭敬的,尊重別人的”,如:a respectable gentlemen(一位值得尊敬的先生),a respectful bow(充滿敬意的一鞠躬)。efficient的意思是“有效率的”,well-informed“有學(xué)問(wèn)的”。
7. D invaluable這個(gè)詞從形式上看似乎是valuable(貴重的,有價(jià)值的)的反革命義詞,其實(shí)不然,它的意思恰恰是“無(wú)法估計(jì)的,十分寶貴的”,故應(yīng)選extremely useful.其他的搭配還有an invaluable treasure(無(wú)價(jià)之寶),invaluable advice(很有用的忠告),invaluable heritage(寶貴的遺產(chǎn))。選項(xiàng)A和invaluable反義,選項(xiàng)B的意思是“確實(shí)很實(shí)用”,選項(xiàng)C的意思是“幾乎沒(méi)有”。
8. C 此句的意思是“我認(rèn)為在這里建一家豪華賓館的想法簡(jiǎn)直是荒唐”。Insane是sane的反義詞,意思是“精神錯(cuò)亂的,瘋狂的”,如:He went insane at last.(他最終發(fā)瘋了)。故該詞和mad, crazy同義。reasonable和sensible的意思都是“合理的,有理的”,故都和insane相反。
9. A exhaustive是“透徹的,徹底的”的意思,如:exhaustive study(透徹的研究),exhaustive investigation(深入的調(diào)查),所以extremely thorough是正確答案。Long and boring(長(zhǎng)得令人厭倦),superficial(表面的),unconvincing(不能使人信服的)均不合適。
10. B ingenious:靈巧的,巧妙的,如:ingenious mind(機(jī)靈的頭腦),ingenious machine(精巧的機(jī)器),ingenious tactics(巧妙的戰(zhàn)術(shù))等,故致上和clever同義。effective是“有效的”,implausible(不合情理的),original(有新意的)。
11. C 這句話的意思是“他看著招牌廣告,心想不知自己是否有資格去應(yīng)聘”。Eligible的意思是“有資格做……,符合做……的條件”,如:Anyone above the age of 18 is eligible to vote.(18歲以上的人都可以參加選舉。)Not every resident here is eligible for the medical insurance provided by the community.(并非每一個(gè)本地的居民都有資格享受社區(qū)提供的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)。)
12. B vigorous:精力充沛的,有活力的,常用于人,如:a vigorous young man, 也可作“強(qiáng)有力的,強(qiáng)勁的,用力的”解,如:vigorous opponent強(qiáng)勁的對(duì)手,vigorous exercises運(yùn)動(dòng)量的鍛煉。hot-tempered是“脾氣的,性子烈的”意思,patient作形容詞則是“耐心的”意思。
13. A 本句的意思是“并非所有的成員國(guó)都遵循他們先前達(dá)成一致的原則。”abide by是個(gè)短語(yǔ),意為“服從,遵守”,adhere to也是一個(gè)固定的短語(yǔ),和stick to同義。abide by常見(jiàn)的搭配還有abide by the rule/the law/decision,如:The players all abided by the referee's decision although it was not really fair.其余的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)apply(應(yīng)用),abandon(拋棄),adopt(采納)均可以和principle搭配,但詞義和abide by不合。
14. C bias這個(gè)名詞的意思是“偏袒,偏見(jiàn)”,without bias則是“公平地,公正地”的意思。fairly是形容詞fair的副詞形式,在這里是“公平地”的意思。當(dāng)然,fairly也可以作“相當(dāng),還”解,表示程度,如:Your English is fairly good.(你的英語(yǔ)還不錯(cuò)。)
15. B terminate這個(gè)動(dòng)詞意為“結(jié)束”,可作及物或不及物動(dòng)詞用,如:We have decided to terminate our contract with your company.(我們已決定終止與貴公司的合同。)The forest terminates in a forest.(路的盡頭是樹林。)put an end to是個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),如:Finally they put an end to the long-standing disputes.(最后他們終于結(jié)束了長(zhǎng)期的爭(zhēng)端。)resume(中斷后重又開始),suspend(暫時(shí)中斷),re-schedule(重新制定時(shí)間表)這三個(gè)動(dòng)詞都可以和construction搭配,但詞義和terminate不相近。