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職稱英語(綜合類)輔導講議-詞匯學習

發布時間:2011-09-29 共14頁


  詞匯學習9:
  1. D improved: improve的過去分詞,在句中起形容詞的作用,即修飾learning environment,表示“改進了的,更好的”,與better意思相近。easy:容易的。playful:頑皮的;鬧著玩的。open:公開的;開著的。
  2. A break:打破。Carl Lewis has broken the world record in the 100 meters.卡爾·劉易斯打破了100米世界紀錄。beat:打;勝過等。beat the record:破記錄。如:He is as eager as his brother to beat the record.他和他的兄弟一樣急于破記錄。match:比得上;與……相配等。No one can match him in singing.論唱歌誰也不如他。maintain:保持。He has maintained his title.他保持了他的稱號。announce:宣布,發布。The news was announced by the BBC.英國廣播公司發布了這條消息。
  3. B provoke和elicit的意思相近:引起,誘發。The doctor's talk to the patients elicited little response.夫對病人的話沒有引起什么反應。demand:要求。The Labour Party demanded an explanation from the government.工黨要求政府作出解釋。extract:抽出,提取。extract a bullet from a wound:從傷口中取出子彈。extract juice from sugarcanes:榨甘蔗汁。defy:公然反抗,蔑視。The accused defied the order of the court and kept shouting.被告蔑視法庭的命令,不斷喊叫。
  4. A gangster:匪徒,歹徒。violent criminal:兇犯。politician:政客,政治家。musician:音樂家。industrialist:工業家。
  5. B framework:框架,基本結構。skeleton:骨架,骷髏。His constructions are centered around steel skeletons.他的建筑以鋼骨架為中心。boundary:分界線。territorial boundaries:領土邊界。enclosure:圍繞,圍墻。material:材料。
  6. D hazard和danger意思相近:危險;危害。There is a widespread danger of disease in this area.在這個地區疾病有擴散的危險。protection:保護;防護。Insurance is a protection against unforeseeable misfortunes.保險是對不可預見的災難的一種防護措施。indication:指示;跡象。immunity:免疫力。Scientists are studying why some individuals have natural immunity to the disease.科學家們在研究為什么一些人對這種病有自然的免疫力。
  7. C lure:吸引;誘惑。與attraction(吸引)意思相近。The attraction of the house lies in its simplicity.這所房子的誘人之處在于其簡單。error:錯誤。The doctor committed an appalling error of judgment.這個夫犯了一個令人震驚的判斷錯誤。function:作用;功能。Scientists have understood only some of the functions of dreaming.科學家們僅僅弄懂了做夢的部分功能。miracle:奇跡。It was a miracle that most the passengers survived the plane crash.部分乘客從撞機事件中生還,這真是個奇跡。
  8. A densely:密集地;濃厚地。與compactly(緊密地;緊湊地)意思相近。We should store food more compactly in the refrigerator in order to save space.為節省空間,我們應該把食物更緊湊地放在冰箱里。inexpensively:不貴地。Computer equipment can be purchased inexpensively these days.近來可以較便宜地買到計算機設備。quickly:迅速地,快。How quickly can you fix the car?你多快能修好這輛轎車?carefully:仔細地;小心地。If you observe more carefully, you will notice the difference between the two paintings.如果你更仔細地觀察,你就會注意到這兩幅畫的差別。
  9. A fascinate:使……著迷,強烈地吸引住。與intrigue(引起……的興趣或好奇心)意思相近。The news intrigued all of us.這消息引起了家的興趣。infect:傳染。The flood left many people infected with cholera.洪水導致許多人染上霍亂。inconvenience:使……不便。I hope I haven't inconvenienced you.希望我沒有打擾你。incline:使……傾向于;使……想要。What he said inclines me to think that he will agree to our plan.他的話使我覺得他會同意我們的計劃。
  10. B probe:探察;研究。與explore(探究;考察)意思相近。Both parties are exploring ways of settling the dispute.雙方都在尋求解決爭端的辦法。solve:解決。We will solve the problem of water shortage.我們會解決缺水問題的。involve:使卷入;牽涉。dispute:爭執;辯論。They disputed how to get the best results.他們爭執如何才能得到最好的效果。
  11. A settle:解決。solve:解決。He finally solved the difficulty of transportation.他最終解決了運輸問題。determine:決定。Being determines consciousness.存在決定意識。untie:解開。He untied the ropes.他解開了繩子。complete:完成。She completed her degree in two years.她用兩年完成了學位。
  12. D tremble:顫抖。shake:搖動;顫抖。She is shaking with anger.她氣得發抖。weep:哭泣。She wept when she heard the terrible news.當聽到這一可怕的消息時,她傷心地哭了。cry:哭;叫。What's that boy crying about?那個男孩在哭什么?run:跑。The robbers took the money and ran.強盜搶了錢跑了。
  13. D shocked:震驚的。surprised;震驚的。We were surprised at his doing such a thing.他能干出這樣的事,令我們很吃驚。frustrated:泄氣的。She was frustrated by her poverty.她因為貧窮而泄氣。disturbed:打擾的,焦慮不安的。He was disturbed to hear of her illness.當他得知她有病時,深感不安。relieved:寬慰的。She felt relieved to hear you were all right.她聽說你很好就放心了。
  14. A abide by:堅持;遵循。stick to:堅持;遵循。He must stick to the contract.他必須遵守合同。persist in:堅持。Why do you persist in writing such things?你為什么老是寫這些東西?safeguard:保護。Vaccination safeguards us from smallpox.接種牛疹疫獎勤罰懶可防麻疹。apply:應用;申請。I have applied for a passport.我已申請辦理護照。
  15. C widen:變寬;加寬。broaden:變寬;擴。Trails broadened into roads.小徑變成了寬闊的道路。extend:延伸;延長。The builders extended the road for three more miles.筑路人把道路延長了三英里。stretch:舒展;延伸。The forests stretch for hundreds of miles.森林綿延數百英里。traverse:穿過;橫貫。The railway traverses hundreds of miles of desert.這條鐵路橫貫沙漠數百英里。
  詞匯學習10:
  1. C shabby:不公正的;破舊的。與unfair(不公正的)意義相同。Her clothes were old and shabby.他過去穿的衣服既舊又破。Unforgettable:不會忘記的。A visit to Beijing is an unforgettable experience.去一次北京是一次不會忘記的經歷。Unbelievable: It was an unbelievable moment when Du Li won the gold medal.杜麗獲金牌之時家高興極了。Unthinkable:不可相信的。This place is going to be unthinkable without you.這里沒有你不知道會變成什么樣子。
  2. C 不要以為uneasy是easy的反義詞,那樣的話就會選difficult了。其實uneasy是“局促不安的,憂慮的,擔心的”的意思,如:I felt uneasy about asking her for such a big favour.(求她幫我這么個忙,我感到有點不安。)The very thought of the series of examinations lying ahead made her fell uneasy.(一想到等著她的一系列考試就讓她感到心神不定。)
  3. A demolish這個動詞的意思就是“拆毀,毀掉,推翻”,故pull down是正確答案。其他幾個選項均可和houses搭配,但意義和原句不同。rebuild是“重建”,renovate“修復,整修”,whitewash“粉刷”。
  4. D adverse這個詞的意思是“不利的,逆的”,如:adverse wind(逆風),adverse criticism(非難),adverse situation(不利的形勢),adverse balance of trade(貿易逆差)。原句的意思是:廣告公司對公眾對招貼畫的不利反應感到驚奇。在四個選項中adverse和unfavorable同義。另外三個選項都可以用于修飾public reaction, delayed是“延誤的”,quick“迅速的”,quick“迅速的”,positive“正面的,肯定的”和adverse恰恰相反。
  5. B concise的意思是“簡明的”,如:a concise dictionary(一部簡明詞典)。long and detailed的意思正好相反,又長又詳盡;comprehensive是“全面的”,professional“專業的”。
  6. C courteous是“有禮貌的,謙恭的”,在四個選項中只有respectful和它意義相近。respectable和respectful的區別是前者是“可尊敬的”,后者是“恭敬的,尊重別人的”,如:a respectable gentlemen(一位值得尊敬的先生),a respectful bow(充滿敬意的一鞠躬)。efficient的意思是“有效率的”,well-informed“有學問的”。
  7. D invaluable這個詞從形式上看似乎是valuable(貴重的,有價值的)的反革命義詞,其實不然,它的意思恰恰是“無法估計的,十分寶貴的”,故應選extremely useful.其他的搭配還有an invaluable treasure(無價之寶),invaluable advice(很有用的忠告),invaluable heritage(寶貴的遺產)。選項A和invaluable反義,選項B的意思是“確實很實用”,選項C的意思是“幾乎沒有”。
  8. C 此句的意思是“我認為在這里建一家豪華賓館的想法簡直是荒唐”。Insane是sane的反義詞,意思是“精神錯亂的,瘋狂的”,如:He went insane at last.(他最終發瘋了)。故該詞和mad, crazy同義。reasonable和sensible的意思都是“合理的,有理的”,故都和insane相反。
  9. A exhaustive是“透徹的,徹底的”的意思,如:exhaustive study(透徹的研究),exhaustive investigation(深入的調查),所以extremely thorough是正確答案。Long and boring(長得令人厭倦),superficial(表面的),unconvincing(不能使人信服的)均不合適。
  10. B ingenious:靈巧的,巧妙的,如:ingenious mind(機靈的頭腦),ingenious machine(精巧的機器),ingenious tactics(巧妙的戰術)等,故致上和clever同義。effective是“有效的”,implausible(不合情理的),original(有新意的)。
  11. C 這句話的意思是“他看著招牌廣告,心想不知自己是否有資格去應聘”。Eligible的意思是“有資格做……,符合做……的條件”,如:Anyone above the age of 18 is eligible to vote.(18歲以上的人都可以參加選舉。)Not every resident here is eligible for the medical insurance provided by the community.(并非每一個本地的居民都有資格享受社區提供的醫療保險。)
  12. B vigorous:精力充沛的,有活力的,常用于人,如:a vigorous young man, 也可作“強有力的,強勁的,用力的”解,如:vigorous opponent強勁的對手,vigorous exercises運動量的鍛煉。hot-tempered是“脾氣的,性子烈的”意思,patient作形容詞則是“耐心的”意思。
  13. A 本句的意思是“并非所有的成員國都遵循他們先前達成一致的原則。”abide by是個短語,意為“服從,遵守”,adhere to也是一個固定的短語,和stick to同義。abide by常見的搭配還有abide by the rule/the law/decision,如:The players all abided by the referee's decision although it was not really fair.其余的三個選項apply(應用),abandon(拋棄),adopt(采納)均可以和principle搭配,但詞義和abide by不合。
  14. C bias這個名詞的意思是“偏袒,偏見”,without bias則是“公平地,公正地”的意思。fairly是形容詞fair的副詞形式,在這里是“公平地”的意思。當然,fairly也可以作“相當,還”解,表示程度,如:Your English is fairly good.(你的英語還不錯。)
  15. B terminate這個動詞意為“結束”,可作及物或不及物動詞用,如:We have decided to terminate our contract with your company.(我們已決定終止與貴公司的合同。)The forest terminates in a forest.(路的盡頭是樹林。)put an end to是個動詞短語,如:Finally they put an end to the long-standing disputes.(最后他們終于結束了長期的爭端。)resume(中斷后重又開始),suspend(暫時中斷),re-schedule(重新制定時間表)這三個動詞都可以和construction搭配,但詞義和terminate不相近。

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